Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2021 Mar-Apr;15(2):605-613. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2021.02.038. Epub 2021 Mar 3.
Present meta-analysis and systematic review was conducted to synthesis a definitive conclusion from previous randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs).
A comprehensive search was done up to July 2020, in order to extract RCTs which investigated the effect of cashew nut on weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), fasting blood sugar (FBS), insulin, and Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). Weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to estimate effect size. Meta regression analysis was done to identify probable sources of heterogeneity.
Six clinical trials with 521 participants were included. Combined effect sizes demonstrated no effect of cashew consumption on weight (WMD): 0.02, 95% CI: -1.04, 1.09, P > 0.05), BMI (WMD: 0.1, 95% CI: -0.72, 0.74, P > 0.05), and WC (WMD: -0.13, 95% CI: -1.97, 1.70, P > 0.05). Results were also not significant for FBS (WMD: 3.58, 95% CI: -3.92, 11.08, P > 0.05), insulin (WMD: -0.19, 95% CI: -1.63, 1.25, P > 0.05), and HOMA-IR (WMD: 0.25, 95% CI: -0.55, 1.06, P > 0.05).
The sum up, incorporating cashew into the diet has no significant effect on body composition or modifying glycemic indices.
本荟萃分析和系统评价旨在从之前的随机对照临床试验（RCT）中得出明确结论。
全面检索截至 2020 年 7 月的 RCT，以提取研究腰果对体重、体重指数（BMI）、腰围（WC）、空腹血糖（FBS）、胰岛素和胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估（HOMA-IR）影响的 RCT。使用加权均数差（WMD）和 95%置信区间（CI）来估计效应大小。进行荟萃回归分析以确定可能的异质性来源。
纳入了 6 项临床试验，共 521 名参与者。综合效应大小表明，腰果的摄入量对体重（WMD：0.02，95%CI：-1.04，1.09，P>0.05）、BMI（WMD：0.1，95%CI：-0.72，0.74，P>0.05）和 WC（WMD：-0.13，95%CI：-1.97，1.70，P>0.05）没有影响。FBS（WMD：3.58，95%CI：-3.92，11.08，P>0.05）、胰岛素（WMD：-0.19，95%CI：-1.63，1.25，P>0.05）和 HOMA-IR（WMD：0.25，95%CI：-0.55，1.06，P>0.05）的结果也无统计学意义。
总的来说，在饮食中加入腰果对身体成分或血糖指数没有显著影响。
