Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Oral Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2021 Mar 16;11(1):6012. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-85437-6.
This study aimed to focus on the simultaneous use of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) and sonodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (SACT), which is called photo-sonodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PSACT) to attenuate the virulence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Following the synthesis of Curcumin-decorated nanophytosomes (Cur-NPhs) as a novel photo-sonosensitizer, its particle size, polydispersity, ζ-potential surface morphology, physical stability, drug release, and entrapment efficiency were determined. In the Cur-NPhs-PSACT, the antimicrobial activities of Cur-NPhs against A. actinomycetemcomitans were investigated using cell viability, biofilm killing/degradation, metabolic activity, expression of quorum-sensing-associated qseB and qseC genes, and biofilm-associated rcpA gene under blue laser irradiation plus ultrasonic waves. Characterization tests showed the presence of a sphere-shaped vesicle and the self-closed structure of Cur-NPhs, resulting in a high drug-loading content and encapsulation efficiency. However, the antimicrobial effect of Cur-NPhs-PSACT was dose-dependent, PSACT using the high concentrations of Cur-NPhs (50 × 10 g/L) showed significant reductions (P < 0.05) in cell viability (13.6 log CFU/mL), biofilm killing/degradation (65%), metabolic activity (89.6%,), and mRNA levels of virulence determinant genes (qseB; 9.8-fold, qseC; 10.2-fold, and recA; 10.2-fold). This study concludes that the Cur-NPhs-PSACT had antimicrobial activities against A. actinomycetemcomitans by downregulating the expression of virulence genes, and may attenuate this bacterium that decreases periodontal disease severity in patients.
本研究旨在聚焦于联合使用抗菌光动力疗法（aPDT）和超声动力抗菌化疗（SACT），即光声动力抗菌化疗（PSACT），以降低伴放线放线杆菌的毒力。在合成姜黄素修饰的纳米植物载体（Cur-NPhs）作为新型光声敏剂后，测定了其粒径、多分散性、ζ-电位、表面形态、物理稳定性、药物释放和包封效率。在 Cur-NPhs-PSACT 中，通过细胞活力、生物膜杀伤/降解、代谢活性、群体感应相关 qseB 和 qseC 基因表达以及蓝色激光照射加超声波下生物膜相关 rcpA 基因的表达，研究了 Cur-NPhs 对 A. actinomycetemcomitans 的抗菌活性。特性测试表明 Cur-NPhs 存在球形囊泡和自封闭结构，导致载药量和包封效率高。然而，Cur-NPhs-PSACT 的抗菌效果呈剂量依赖性，PSACT 使用高浓度的 Cur-NPhs（50×10⁻⁶ g/L）时，细胞活力（13.6 log CFU/mL）、生物膜杀伤/降解（65%）、代谢活性（89.6%）和毒力决定基因（qseB；9.8 倍，qseC；10.2 倍，和 rcpA；10.2 倍）的 mRNA 水平显著降低（P<0.05）。本研究得出结论，Cur-NPhs-PSACT 通过下调毒力基因的表达对 A. actinomycetemcomitans 具有抗菌活性，可能减轻这种细菌的存在会降低患者牙周病的严重程度。
