Center for Health Behaviours Research, School of Public Health and Primary Care, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
National Center for Women and Children's Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
J Med Internet Res. 2021 Apr 12;23(4):e24053. doi: 10.2196/24053.
COVID-19 is an emerging infectious disease that has created health care challenges worldwide. Pregnant women are particularly affected by this disease.
The aims of this study are to assess the levels of perceived threat (susceptibility, severity, impact), negative emotions (fear, worry), and self-efficacy of pregnant women in China related to COVID-19 and to examine their associations with mental health (depression and anxiety) and personal protective behavior (wearing a face mask).
A total of 4087 pregnant women from China completed a cross-sectional web-based survey between March 3 and 10, 2020.
The prevalence of probable depression and anxiety was 48.7% (1989/4087) and 33.0% (1347/4087), respectively; 23.8% participants (974/4087) reported always wearing a face mask when going out. Of the 4087 participants, 32.1% (1313) and 36.4% (1490) perceived themselves or their family members to be susceptible to COVID-19 infection, respectively; 3216-3518 (78.7%-86.1%) agreed the disease would have various severe consequences. Additionally, 2275 of the 4087 participants (55.7%) showed self-efficacy in protecting themselves from contracting COVID-19, and 2232 (54.6%) showed efficacy in protecting their family members; 1303 (31.9%) reported a high level of fear of the disease, and 2780-3056 (68.0%-74.8%) expressed worry about various aspects of COVID-19. The results of the multivariate multinominal logistic regression analyses showed that perceived severity, perceived impact, fear, and worry were risk factors for probable depression and anxiety, while self-efficacy was a protective factor. The results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that perceived susceptibility was associated with always wearing a face mask.
Chinese pregnant women showed high levels of mental distress but low levels of personal protective behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic. Interventions are needed to promote the mental health and health behavior of pregnant women during the pandemic.
COVID-19 是一种新兴传染病，给全球的医疗保健带来了挑战。孕妇尤其受到这种疾病的影响。
本研究旨在评估中国孕妇对 COVID-19 的感知威胁（易感性、严重性、影响）、负面情绪（恐惧、担忧）和自我效能感的水平，并探讨这些因素与心理健康（抑郁和焦虑）和个人保护行为（戴口罩）的关系。
2020 年 3 月 3 日至 10 日，共有 4087 名中国孕妇通过网络完成了一项横断面调查。
可能患有抑郁和焦虑的孕妇比例分别为 48.7%（1989/4087）和 33.0%（1347/4087）；23.8%的参与者（974/4087）表示外出时总是戴口罩。在 4087 名参与者中，分别有 32.1%（1313 人）和 36.4%（1490 人）认为自己或家人易感染 COVID-19；3216-3518 人（78.7%-86.1%）认为该疾病会产生各种严重后果。此外，4087 名参与者中有 2275 人（55.7%）表示有自我效能感，能够保护自己免受 COVID-19 感染，2232 人（54.6%）表示有自我效能感，能够保护家人免受 COVID-19 感染；1303 人（31.9%）对该疾病感到高度恐惧，2780-3056 人（68.0%-74.8%）对 COVID-19 的各个方面表示担忧。多变量多项逻辑回归分析的结果表明，感知严重性、感知影响、恐惧和担忧是可能患有抑郁和焦虑的危险因素，而自我效能感是保护因素。多变量逻辑回归分析的结果表明，感知易感性与总是戴口罩有关。
COVID-19 大流行期间，中国孕妇表现出较高的心理困扰水平和较低的个人保护行为水平。需要采取干预措施，促进大流行期间孕妇的心理健康和健康行为。
