Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology of Reproduction, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiás, Brazil; Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiás, Brazil.
Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology of Reproduction, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiás, Brazil.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 May 15;769:144354. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144354. Epub 2021 Jan 4.
The nanotechnology enabled the development of nanomaterials (NMs) with a variety of industrial, biomedical, and consumer applications. However, the mechanism of action (MoA) and toxicity of NMs remain unclear, especially in the male reproductive system. Thus, this study aimed to perform a bibliometric and systematic review of the literature on the toxic effects of different types of NMs on the male reproductive system and function in mammalian models. A series of 236 articles related to the in vitro and in vivo reproductive toxicity of NMs in mammalian models were analyzed. The data concerning the bioaccumulation, experimental conditions (types of NMs, species, cell lines, exposure period, and routes of exposure), and the MoA and toxicity of NMs were summarized and discussed. Results showed that this field of research began in 2005 and has experienced an exponential increase since 2012. Revised data confirmed that the NMs have the ability to cross the blood-testis barrier and bioaccumulate in several organs of the male reproductive system, such as testis, prostate, epididymis, and seminal vesicle. A similar MoA and toxicity were observed after in vitro and in vivo exposure to NMs. The NM reproductive toxicity was mainly related to ROS production, oxidative stress, DNA damage and apoptosis. In conclusion, the NM exposure induces bioaccumulation and toxic effects on male reproductive system of mammal models, confirming its potential risk to human and environmental health. The knowledge concerning the NM reproductive toxicity contributes to safety and sustainable use of nanotechnology.
纳米技术使具有各种工业、生物医学和消费应用的纳米材料 (NMs) 的发展成为可能。然而，NMs 的作用机制 (MoA) 和毒性仍不清楚，尤其是在男性生殖系统中。因此，本研究旨在对哺乳动物模型中不同类型的 NMs 对男性生殖系统和功能的毒性作用进行文献的计量学和系统评价。分析了一系列与哺乳动物模型中 NMs 的体外和体内生殖毒性相关的 236 篇文章。总结和讨论了有关 NMs 的生物累积、实验条件（NMs 的类型、物种、细胞系、暴露期和暴露途径）以及 MoA 和毒性的数据。结果表明，该研究领域始于 2005 年，自 2012 年以来呈指数增长。经修订的数据证实，NMs 有能力穿过血睾屏障并在男性生殖系统的几个器官中累积，如睾丸、前列腺、附睾和精囊。在体外和体内暴露于 NMs 后观察到类似的 MoA 和毒性。NM 的生殖毒性主要与 ROS 产生、氧化应激、DNA 损伤和细胞凋亡有关。总之，NM 暴露会导致哺乳动物模型的生殖系统生物累积和毒性作用，证实了其对人类和环境健康的潜在风险。关于 NM 生殖毒性的知识有助于纳米技术的安全和可持续利用。
