Graduação na Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Central de Misturas Intravenosas, Serviço de Farmácia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
J Oncol Pharm Pract. 2021 Jul;27(5):1205-1213. doi: 10.1177/10781552211003638. Epub 2021 Mar 18.
Our goal was to demonstrate the effects of occupational exposure to antineoplastic drugs on oxidative stress parameters and DNA damage in health professionals who manipulate and administer antineoplastic drugs in a University Hospital in Southern Brazil.
The case-control study with a longitudinal design, involved 64 individuals, 29 of them pharmacists, pharmacy technicians and nurses who were occupationally exposed to antineoplastic drugs and 35 professionals who were not exposed. Gene mutations were determined by micronucleus from salivary fluid; DNA damage by comet assay and oxidative stress parameters in whole blood were also evaluated.
All workers exposed to antineoplastic drugs used personal protective equipment (PPE). It was demonstrated that the total nonprotein thiol and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances levels showed interaction between group and time, with higher levels one week after handling/administration of antineoplastic drugs in the exposed group (GEE, p ≤ 0.0001 and p = 0,013, respectively). Additionally, there was a group effect on the activities of the catalase and glutathione peroxidase antioxidant enzymes (GEE, p = 0.027 and p ≤ 0.0001, respectively), and workers occupationally exposed to antineoplastic drugs had higher enzyme activities compared to those not exposed. No genotoxic damage was demonstrated through the evaluated parameters.
Despite the correct use of PPE, professionals occupationally exposed to antineoplastic drugs were more susceptible to oxidative stress than those not exposed. The evaluation of the studied parameters is especially important for the definition of conducts and practices in the area, always in search of guaranteeing the establishment of a rational policy to protect workers' health.
我们的目标是展示在巴西南部一所大学医院中接触抗肿瘤药物的职业暴露对健康专业人员的氧化应激参数和 DNA 损伤的影响。
该病例对照研究采用纵向设计，共纳入 64 名个体，其中 29 名为接触抗肿瘤药物的药剂师、药剂技术员和护士，35 名为非接触组。通过唾液液体制备微核检测基因突变，彗星试验检测 DNA 损伤，全血检测氧化应激参数。
所有接触抗肿瘤药物的工人均使用个人防护设备（PPE）。结果表明，总非蛋白巯基和硫代巴比妥酸反应物质水平在组间和时间上存在交互作用，在接触组中接触/管理抗肿瘤药物一周后水平更高（GEE，p≤0.0001 和 p=0.013）。此外，抗氧化酶（GEE，p=0.027 和 p≤0.0001）的过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性存在组间效应，接触抗肿瘤药物的职业暴露工人的酶活性高于未接触的工人。通过评估的参数未显示出遗传毒性损伤。
尽管正确使用了 PPE，但职业接触抗肿瘤药物的专业人员比未接触的人员更容易受到氧化应激的影响。评估所研究的参数对于确定该领域的行为和实践尤为重要，始终致力于保障制定保护工人健康的合理政策。
