Department of Food Technology, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTACITY), P.O. Box 21934, New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria, Egypt.
Department of Medical Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTACITY), P.O. Box 21934, New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria, Egypt.
Sci Rep. 2021 Mar 18;11(1):6224. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-85772-8.
In plants, Fruits and their wastes are the main sources of bioactive compounds. Currently, Annona fruits have attracted the attention of people interested in health-promoting foods due to their phytochemical content that their activities were not studied before. This study aimed to explore the potential antioxidant, antimicrobial, and in vitro anticancer activity of two cultivars Annona squamosa (Annona b. and Annona h.) seed, peel, and pulp. We also meausred phenolic, flavonoid, sulfated polysaccharide, tannins, and triterpenoids. Polyphenol identification was determined using RP-HPLC. Results of the antioxidant activity revealed that the highest activity was observed for Annona h. seed extract using DPPH and ABTS assays with IC 6.07 ± 0.50 and 9.58 ± 0.53 µg/ml, respectively. The antimicrobial activity against various pathogenic strains revealed that the peel extracts of both Annona b. and Annona h. exhibited the best antimicrobial activity. We also assessed the IC values for anticancer activity in all six Annona b. and Annona h samples against four cancer cell lines colon (Caco-2), prostate (PC3), liver (HepG-2), and breast (MCF-7) using MTT assay. Annona b. and Annona h seed extracts had the lowest IC values for four cancer cell lines with 7.31 ± 0.03 and 15.99 ± 1.25 for PC-3 and MCF-7, respectively. Both seed extracts, Annona b. and Annona h., showed significantly down-regulated mRNA expression of Bcl-2 and up-regulated p53 in all treated cell lines. Apoptosis was evaluated using nuclear staining, flow cytometric analysis, and immunohistochemistry of the proliferation marker (Ki-67). Additional studies are required to characterize the bioactive compounds responsible for the observed activities of Annona seed and determine its mechanism as an anticancer drug.
在植物中，果实及其废弃物是生物活性化合物的主要来源。目前，由于其植物化学物质含量，安农纳果实引起了人们对促进健康食品的兴趣，但其活性以前尚未研究过。本研究旨在探索两种番荔枝品种（安农纳 b. 和安农纳 h.）种子、果皮和果肉的潜在抗氧化、抗菌和体外抗癌活性。我们还测量了酚类、类黄酮、硫酸多糖、单宁和三萜。使用 RP-HPLC 确定多酚的鉴定。抗氧化活性结果表明，使用 DPPH 和 ABTS 测定法，安农纳 h. 种子提取物的活性最高，IC 6.07±0.50 和 9.58±0.53µg/ml。对各种致病菌株的抗菌活性表明，安农纳 b. 和安农纳 h. 的果皮提取物表现出最佳的抗菌活性。我们还评估了所有六种安农纳 b. 和安农纳 h. 样品在 MTT 测定法中对四种癌细胞系结肠（Caco-2）、前列腺（PC3）、肝（HepG-2）和乳腺（MCF-7）的抗癌活性的 IC 值。安农纳 b. 和安农纳 h. 种子提取物对四种癌细胞系的 IC 值最低，PC-3 和 MCF-7 的 IC 值分别为 7.31±0.03 和 15.99±1.25。两种种子提取物，安农纳 b. 和安农纳 h.，在所有处理的细胞系中均显示 Bcl-2 的 mRNA 表达明显下调，p53 上调。通过核染色、流式细胞术分析和增殖标记物（Ki-67）的免疫组织化学评估细胞凋亡。需要进一步研究来表征负责观察到的安农纳种子活性的生物活性化合物，并确定其作为抗癌药物的机制。
