Global Center of Mass Gatherings Medicine, Ministry of Health, P. O. Box 8320, Riyadh 13314, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 7805, Riyadh 11472, Saudi Arabia.
J Infect Public Health. 2021 Apr;14(4):437-443. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2021.01.003. Epub 2021 Jan 16.
The aim of this study is to describe the clinical and demographic characteristics of COVID-19 patients, and the risk factors associated with death in Saudi Arabia to serve as a reference to further understand this pandemic and to help in the future decisions and control of this global crisis.
This multicenter, retrospective, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted on 240,474 patients with confirmed COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia. Data was collected retrospectively through the Health Electronic Surveillance Network at the Ministry of Health. Patients were classified based on their outcome as recovered, dead, or active with no definite outcome. We must specify the date period.
As of 20th of June 2020, 79.7% of COVID-19 cases were young and middle-aged, ranging between 20-59 years. There was evidently a difference in the sex ratio, where males constituted 71.7% of cases. The majority were non-Saudi nationals, representing 54.7% of cases. Furthermore, the contraction of COVID-19 was travel-related in 45.1% of cases. Signs and symptoms were reported in 63% of cases, the most common of which were fever; 85.2%, and cough; 85%. Deaths occurred more frequently in patients 40-49 years, 50-59 years, and 60-69 years, representing 19.2%, 27.9%, and 21.3% of deaths, respectively. Additionally, the case fatality rate (CFR) was higher in older age-groups, reaching 10.1% in those ≥80 years. Moreover, the CFR of males was higher than that of females, with 0.95% and 0.62%, respectively. As for nationality, Saudis had a CFR of 0.46% versus 1.19% in non-Saudis.
The total number of positive COVID-19 cases detected constitute 0.7% of the Saudi population to date. Older age, non-Saudi nationalities, being male, travelling outside Saudi Arabia, and the presence of symptoms, as opposed to being asymptomatic were considered risk factors and found to be significantly more associated with death in patients with COVID-19.
本研究旨在描述 COVID-19 患者的临床和人口统计学特征，以及与沙特阿拉伯死亡相关的危险因素，为进一步了解这一大流行病提供参考，并有助于未来应对和控制这一全球危机。
这是一项多中心、回顾性、观察性、横断面研究，纳入了沙特阿拉伯 240474 例确诊 COVID-19 患者。数据通过卫生部的电子健康监测网络进行回顾性收集。根据患者的结局（康复、死亡或无明确结局的活动病例）进行分类。我们必须指定日期范围。
截至 2020 年 6 月 20 日，79.7%的 COVID-19 病例为中青年，年龄在 20-59 岁之间。性别比例明显不同，男性占病例的 71.7%。大多数患者为非沙特国籍，占病例的 54.7%。此外，45.1%的病例与旅行有关。63%的病例有症状和体征报告，最常见的是发热（85.2%）和咳嗽（85%）。40-49 岁、50-59 岁和 60-69 岁的患者死亡更为常见，分别占死亡人数的 19.2%、27.9%和 21.3%。此外，年龄较大的患者病死率（CFR）更高，≥80 岁的患者 CFR 为 10.1%。此外，男性的 CFR 高于女性，分别为 0.95%和 0.62%。就国籍而言，沙特人的 CFR 为 0.46%，而非沙特人的 CFR 为 1.19%。
截至目前，沙特阿拉伯已检测出的 COVID-19 阳性病例总数占沙特人口的 0.7%。年龄较大、非沙特国籍、男性、出国旅行以及有症状而非无症状，被认为是 COVID-19 患者死亡的危险因素，且与死亡显著相关。
