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重探自然：环烯醚萜类作为潜在抗利什曼原虫药物类别的综述

Revisiting nature: a review of iridoids as a potential antileishmanial class.

作者信息

Arraché Gonçalves Guilherme, Eifler-Lima Vera Lucia, von Poser Gilsane Lino

机构信息

Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Medicinal (LaSOM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 90610-000 Brazil.

Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 90610-000 Brazil.

出版信息

Phytochem Rev. 2022;21(1):101-126. doi: 10.1007/s11101-021-09750-8. Epub 2021 Mar 16.

DOI:10.1007/s11101-021-09750-8
PMID:33746658
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7960493/
Abstract

Leishmaniasis still stands as one of the most prevalent neglected tropical diseases in the least developed and emerging countries. The recommended therapeutic arsenal to treat leishmaniasis is characterized by several shortcomings, and resistance has already been reported. Hence, this dramatic background highlights the pressing need to develop novel, affordable, and safe antileishmanial drugs. Multiple classes of natural compounds have been reported to possess antileishmanial activity. Among these classes, iridoids stand out as a special type of monoterpenoids with diverse biological properties-including their antileishmanial potential. This review aims to discuss the available literature between 1991 and 2020 related to the antileishmanial activity of the iridoid class. Throughout the past decades, various investigations attributed antileishmanial action to assorted iridoid types, including inhibitory potential towards validated drug targets and immunomodulatory activity. The latter deserves special attention due to the ability of some iridoids to improve the host's immune response against parasites. It opens the possibility of iridoids become adjuncts in leishmaniasis treatments by improving the efficacy of currently employed drugs. Furthermore, the present study intends to provide a convenient visual representation of which iridoids and spp. species have been most investigated as a guide for further researches.

摘要

利什曼病仍然是最不发达国家和新兴国家中最普遍的被忽视热带病之一。治疗利什曼病的推荐治疗药物存在若干缺点，并且已经有耐药性的报道。因此，这种严峻的背景凸显了开发新型、可负担且安全的抗利什曼病药物的迫切需求。据报道，多种天然化合物具有抗利什曼病活性。在这些类别中，环烯醚萜作为一类特殊的单萜类化合物脱颖而出，具有多种生物学特性，包括其抗利什曼病的潜力。本综述旨在讨论1991年至2020年间与环烯醚萜类抗利什曼病活性相关的现有文献。在过去几十年中，各种研究将抗利什曼病作用归因于各种环烯醚萜类型，包括对已验证药物靶点的抑制潜力和免疫调节活性。后者值得特别关注，因为一些环烯醚萜能够改善宿主对寄生虫的免疫反应。这为环烯醚萜通过提高当前所用药物的疗效成为利什曼病治疗辅助药物开辟了可能性。此外，本研究旨在提供一种直观的展示，说明哪些环烯醚萜和哪些物种得到了最多的研究，作为进一步研究的指南。

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