Corona-Castuera Jorge, Rodriguez-Delgado Daniela, Henao John, Castro-Sandoval Juan Carlos, Poblano-Salas Carlos A
CIATEQ A.C., Av. Manantiales 23-A, Parque Industrial Bernardo Quintana, El Marqués, Querétaro 76246, Mexico.
CONACyT-CIATEQ A.C., Av. Manantiales 23-A, Parque Industrial Bernardo Quintana, El Marqués, Querétaro 76246, Mexico.
ACS Omega. 2021 Mar 5;6(10):6902-6913. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.0c06144. eCollection 2021 Mar 16.
As a larger elderly human population is expected worldwide in the next 30 years, the occurrence of aging-associated illnesses will also be increased. The use of prosthetic devices by this population is currently important and will be even more dramatic in the near future. Hence, the design of prosthetic devices able to reduce some of the problems associated with the use of current components, such as stress shielding, reduced mobility, infection, discomfort, etc., becomes relevant. The use of additive manufacturing (AM) and the design fabrication of self-supported cellular structures in the biomedical area have opened up important opportunities for controlling the physical and mechanical properties of hip implants, resulting in specific benefits for the patients. Different studies have reported the development of hip prosthetic designs employing AM, although there are still opportunities for improvement when it comes to customized design and tuning of the physical and mechanical properties of such implants. This work shows the design and manufacture by AM of a personalized stainless-steel partial hip implant using tomography data and self-supported triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) cell structures; the design considers dimensional criteria established by international standards. By employing tomography data, the external dimensions of the implant were established and the bone density of a specific patient was calculated; the density and mechanical properties in compression of the implant were modulated by employing an internal gyroid-type cell structure. Using such a cell structure, the patient's bone density was emulated; also, the mechanical properties of the implant were fine-tuned in order to make them comparable to those reported for the bone tissue replaced by the prosthesis. The implant design and manufacturing methodology developed in this work considered the clinical condition of a specific patient and can be reproduced and adjusted for different types of bone tissue qualities for specific clinical requirements.
预计在未来30年全球老年人口数量将增加，与衰老相关疾病的发生率也会上升。目前这一人群对假体装置的使用很重要，且在不久的将来会更加显著。因此，设计能够减少与当前部件使用相关的一些问题（如应力屏蔽、活动能力下降、感染、不适等）的假体装置变得至关重要。增材制造（AM）的应用以及生物医学领域自支撑多孔结构的设计制造，为控制髋关节植入物的物理和机械性能带来了重要机遇，给患者带来了特定益处。不同研究报道了采用增材制造的髋关节假体设计的发展情况，不过在这类植入物的定制设计以及物理和机械性能的调整方面仍有改进空间。这项工作展示了利用断层扫描数据和自支撑三重周期极小曲面（TPMS）多孔结构，通过增材制造设计和制造个性化不锈钢部分髋关节植入物；该设计考虑了国际标准确立的尺寸标准。通过使用断层扫描数据，确定了植入物的外部尺寸并计算了特定患者的骨密度；通过采用内部类螺旋状多孔结构来调节植入物在压缩时的密度和机械性能。利用这种多孔结构，模拟了患者的骨密度；此外，还对植入物的机械性能进行了微调，使其与被假体替代的骨组织所报告的性能相当。这项工作中开发的植入物设计和制造方法考虑了特定患者的临床状况，并且可以针对特定临床需求，根据不同类型的骨组织质量进行复制和调整。
