Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
Department of Earth and Marine Sciences (DISTeM), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2021 Jun 28;274:114050. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114050. Epub 2021 Mar 20.
The genus Ferulago, belonging to the Apiaceae family, is found mainly in the Mediterranean area, Southwest and Middle Asia, the Caucasus and North Africa. Since ancient times, species of this genus have been largely employed in traditional medicine for their biological properties such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, insecticidal, and anti-malaria, cholinesterase inhibition effects, etc. AIMS: The scope of this paper is to present a comprehensive respect review of this interesting genus including traditional uses, chemical composition of volatile and non-volatile metabolites, and in vitro and in vivo biological properties either utilizing the crude extracts or essential oils, or the single isolated compounds. Furthermore, critical considerations of the published data have been highlighted by comparing them with the results obtained from species of other genus belonging to the Apiaceae family.
The available information on these genera was collected from scientific databases and cover from 1967 up to 2020. The following electronic databases were used: PubMed, SciFinder, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar. The search terms used for this review included Ferulago, all the botanical names of the species, both accepted names or synonyms, essential oils, volatile components, traditional uses, activity, pharmacology, and toxicity. No limitations were set for languages. A total of 230 articles were included in the present review.
Researches performed on either crude extracts, solvent fractions or isolated pure compounds from species of genus Ferulago showed several biological properties such as antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, antidiabetic, enzymatic, cytotoxic, anticancer, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, antileishmanial, antimalarial, anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, insecticidal, etc. Activities. Phytochemical investigations of Ferulago species have revealed that coumarins are the main constituents of the genera. A large number of flavonoids, terpenoids and other metabolites were also identified. Furthermore, a complete review on the essential oil composition of all the taxa studied so far has been also included.
In the present study, we have provided scientific information and research developments on traditional uses, phytochemical profiles, biological activities and industrial practices on the Ferulago genus. The commercial use and the applications in agri-food sector of some of these species have been also considered. In fact, the various extracts and essential oils have been used as antioxidants and/or as antimicrobial agents, for the stabilization of sunflower and soybean oil, for food packagings, as antioxidants of mayonnaise and yogurt during their storage and, also, as economically valid source for obtaining single compounds, more expensive at a synthetic level.
Ferulago 属，伞形科，主要分布在地中海地区、西南和中亚、高加索和北非。自古以来，该属的物种就因其生物特性而被广泛用于传统医学，如抗菌、抗炎、抗痉挛、杀虫和抗疟疾、胆碱酯酶抑制作用等。
本文旨在全面综述该属，包括传统用途、挥发性和非挥发性代谢物的化学成分，以及利用粗提取物或精油或单一分离化合物的体外和体内生物特性。此外，通过将这些数据与伞形科其他属的物种的结果进行比较，对已发表数据进行了批判性的考虑。
从科学数据库中收集了关于这些属的可用信息，时间范围从 1967 年到 2020 年。使用了以下电子数据库：PubMed、SciFinder、Science Direct、Scopus、Web of Science 和 Google Scholar。本次综述使用的检索词包括 Ferulago、该属所有种的植物学名称、已接受的名称或同义词、精油、挥发性成分、传统用途、活性、药理学和毒性。语言没有限制。共有 230 篇文章被纳入本综述。
对 Ferulago 属种的粗提取物、溶剂级分或分离的纯化合物进行的研究表明，该属种具有多种生物学特性，如抗菌、抗真菌、抗氧化、抗糖尿病、酶、细胞毒性、抗癌、肝保护、肾保护、抗利什曼原虫、抗疟、抗凝、抗炎、杀虫等。对 Ferulago 种的植物化学研究表明，香豆素是该属的主要成分。还鉴定出大量的黄酮类、萜类和其他代谢物。此外，还包括对迄今为止研究的所有分类群的精油成分的完整综述。
在本研究中，我们提供了关于 Ferulago 属的传统用途、植物化学特征、生物活性和工业实践的科学信息和研究进展。还考虑了这些物种的一些商业用途和在农业食品领域的应用。事实上，各种提取物和精油已被用作抗氧化剂和/或抗菌剂，用于稳定向日葵和大豆油，用于食品包装，作为蛋黄酱和酸奶在储存过程中的抗氧化剂，以及作为更昂贵的合成级单化合物的经济有效来源。
