Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Faculty of Engineering and the Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel.
Int J Nanomedicine. 2021 Mar 17;16:2237-2246. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S300125. eCollection 2021.
Translation of nanomedical developments into clinical application is receiving an increasing interest. However, its use for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) diagnosis remains limited. We present an advanced nanophotonic method for oral cancer detection, based on diffusion reflection (DR) measurements of gold-nanorods bio-conjugated to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (C-GNRs) specifically attached to OSCC cells.
To investigate in a rat model of oral carcinogenesis the targeting potential of C-GNRs to OSCC by using the DR optical method.
OSCC was induced by the carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide (4NQO). C-GNRs were introduced locally and systemically and DR measurements were recorded from the surface of the rat tongue following illumination with red laser beam. Rats were divided into experimental and control groups. The results were compared with the histologic diagnosis.
A total of 75 Wistar-derived rats were enrolled in the study. Local application did not reveal any statistical results. DR measurements following intravenous injection of C-GNRs revealed a significant increase in light absorption in rats with OSCC compare with rats without cancer (p<0.02, sensitivity 100%, specificity 89%). In addition, absorption of light increased significantly in cases of severe dysplasia and cancer (high risk) compared to rats without cancer and rats with mild dysplasia (low risk) (86% sensitivity and 89% specificity, AUC=0.79).
Combining nanotechnology and nanophotonics for in vivo diagnosis of OSCC serves as additional tier in the translation of advanced nanomedical developments into clinical applications. The presented method shows a promising potential of nanophotonics for oral cancer identification, and provides support for the use of C-GNRs as a selective drug delivery.
将纳米医学的发展转化为临床应用越来越受到关注。然而，它在口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）诊断中的应用仍然有限。我们提出了一种先进的纳米光子学方法，用于口腔癌检测，该方法基于金纳米棒的扩散反射（DR）测量，金纳米棒与抗表皮生长因子受体（C-GNRs）结合，并特异性附着在 OSCC 细胞上。
使用 DR 光学方法研究 C-GNRs 对 OSCC 的靶向潜力在口腔癌变的大鼠模型中。
致癌剂 4-硝基喹啉-N-氧化物（4NQO）诱导 OSCC。C-GNRs 局部和全身引入，并用红色激光束照射后从大鼠舌表面记录 DR 测量值。大鼠分为实验组和对照组。将结果与组织学诊断进行比较。
共有 75 只 Wistar 衍生大鼠被纳入研究。局部应用没有显示出任何统计学结果。静脉注射 C-GNRs 后进行 DR 测量，结果显示 OSCC 大鼠的光吸收明显增加，与无癌大鼠相比（p<0.02，敏感性 100%，特异性 89%）。此外，与无癌大鼠和轻度异型增生（低风险）大鼠相比，严重异型增生和癌症（高风险）病例的光吸收显著增加（86%的敏感性和 89%的特异性，AUC=0.79）。
将纳米技术和纳米光子学结合起来，用于 OSCC 的体内诊断，为将先进的纳米医学发展转化为临床应用提供了额外的途径。所提出的方法显示了纳米光子学在口腔癌识别方面有很大的潜力，并为 C-GNRs 作为选择性药物输送提供了支持。
