John Cordelia Mano, Arockiasamy Sumathy
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim. 2021 Apr;57(4):386-394. doi: 10.1007/s11626-021-00549-7. Epub 2021 Mar 26.
Preadipocytes under nutrient excess mature to lipid-laden adipocytes that are hotspots for generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) imbalance and oxidative stress. Syringic acid (SA), a natural phenolic acid, was evaluated for its in vitro antioxidant and ROS modulation during in matured 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Following 10 d, the SA-treated adipocytes were evaluated for the levels of glutathione (GSH) and antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). The levels of peroxides in mature adipocytes were estimated using dichlorofluorescein (DCF) cleavage fluorescence. The level of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) expression was also investigated following 10-d differentiation period. SA significantly improved the levels of GSH, SOD, and CAT in matured adipocytes. Reduction in ROS production levels was also witnessed by decrease in DCF cleavage. SA showed concentration-dependent inhibition of NOX4 by day 7 of adipogenesis when compared with differentiated and undifferentiated cells. Moreover, SA exhibited effective antioxidant and anti-radical scavenging activity. These results suggest that SA in addition to inhibiting adipogenesis can strongly reduce ROS stress in mature adipocytes by upregulating levels of intracellular antioxidants and decreasing levels of NOX4 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
营养过剩条件下的前脂肪细胞会成熟为充满脂质的脂肪细胞，而这些脂肪细胞是活性氧（ROS）失衡和氧化应激产生的热点。丁香酸（SA）是一种天然酚酸，本研究评估了其在3T3-L1成熟脂肪细胞中的体外抗氧化和ROS调节作用。10天后，对经SA处理的脂肪细胞的谷胱甘肽（GSH）水平以及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）等抗氧化酶进行了评估。使用二氯荧光素（DCF）裂解荧光法估计成熟脂肪细胞中的过氧化物水平。在10天的分化期后，还研究了NADPH氧化酶4（NOX4）的表达水平。SA显著提高了成熟脂肪细胞中GSH、SOD和CAT的水平。DCF裂解减少也表明ROS产生水平降低。与分化和未分化细胞相比，在脂肪生成第7天时，SA对NOX4表现出浓度依赖性抑制作用。此外，SA还表现出有效的抗氧化和抗自由基清除活性。这些结果表明，SA除了抑制脂肪生成外，还可以通过上调细胞内抗氧化剂水平和降低3T3-L1脂肪细胞中NOX4的水平，强烈降低成熟脂肪细胞中的ROS应激。
