SARS-CoV-2 感染的动物宿主和实验模型。
Animal Hosts and Experimental Models of SARS-CoV-2 Infection.
机构信息
Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
National HIV/AIDS Research Center, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
出版信息
Chemotherapy. 2021;66(1-2):8-16. doi: 10.1159/000515341. Epub 2021 Mar 26.
Abstract
Viruses arise through cross-species transmission and can cause potentially fatal diseases in humans. This is the case of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which recently appeared in Wuhan, China, and rapidly spread worldwide, causing the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and posing a global health emergency. Sequence analysis and epidemiological investigations suggest that the most likely original source of SARS-CoV-2 is a spillover from an animal reservoir, probably bats, that infected humans either directly or through intermediate animal hosts. The role of animals as reservoirs and natural hosts in SARS-CoV-2 has to be explored, and animal models for COVID-19 are needed as well to be evaluated for countermeasures against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Experimental cells, tissues, and animal models that are currently being used and developed in COVID-19 research will be presented.
摘要
病毒通过跨物种传播产生，可能会导致人类患上潜在致命疾病。严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 型（SARS-CoV-2）就是这样一种病毒，它最近在中国武汉出现，并迅速在全球范围内传播，引发了 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）疫情，并构成了全球卫生紧急事件。序列分析和流行病学调查表明，SARS-CoV-2 最有可能的原始来源是动物宿主（可能是蝙蝠）的溢出，该病毒直接或通过中间动物宿主感染人类。需要探索动物作为 SARS-CoV-2 的储存宿主和天然宿主的作用，并且还需要 COVID-19 的动物模型，以便对针对 SARS-CoV-2 感染的对策进行评估。本文将介绍目前在 COVID-19 研究中使用和开发的实验细胞、组织和动物模型。
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