Medeiros Márcio Schneider, Schumacher-Schuh Artur Francisco, Altmann Vivian, Rieder Carlos Roberto de Mello
Serviço de Neurologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Front Neurol. 2021 Mar 10;12:619535. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2021.619535. eCollection 2021.
Coffee has been inversely associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) in many studies, and caffeine is the leading candidate to mediate this effect. (, IP), a caffeinated beverage rich in antioxidants consumed in South America, was also inversely associated with PD in one study from Argentina. Other varieties of IP infusion, such as , were never studied in PD. is a common caffeinated beverage consumed in Brazil made with the leaves and stems of IP. A case-control study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between ingestion and PD in southern Brazil. All subjects answered a questionnaire about the frequency of and coffee intake. A multiple regression analysis adjusted for age and sex was performed to assess the association between PD and consumption. We included 200 PD patients and 200 healthy controls. High consumption of was inversely associated with PD (OR = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.24-0.81, = 0.008). High consumption of coffee was also inversely associated with PD, as expected. remained associated when adjusted for coffee consumption, smoking history, and age (OR 0.46, 95% CI = 0.25-0.86, = 0.014). These two exposures showed an additive effect. consumption was inversely associated with PD, even after adjusting for coffee intake, suggesting a possible protective role. IP's effect can be mediated by caffeine and through its antioxidant components. has a lower concentration of caffeine compared with coffee and has numerous substances with antioxidative effects that may be important to PD protection. Further studies are needed to test this hypothesis.
在许多研究中，咖啡与帕金森病（PD）呈负相关，而咖啡因是介导这种效应的主要候选因素。瓜拉那（一种在南美洲消费的富含抗氧化剂的含咖啡因饮料）在阿根廷的一项研究中也与PD呈负相关。其他种类的瓜拉那冲泡饮品，如[具体饮品名未给出]，从未在PD研究中涉及。瓜拉那玛黛茶是巴西常见的一种用瓜拉那的叶子和茎制成的含咖啡因饮料。在巴西南部进行了一项病例对照研究，以评估瓜拉那玛黛茶摄入与PD之间的关系。所有受试者都回答了一份关于瓜拉那玛黛茶和咖啡摄入频率的问卷。进行了一项针对年龄和性别的多元回归分析，以评估PD与瓜拉那玛黛茶消费之间的关联。我们纳入了200名PD患者和200名健康对照。高量饮用瓜拉那玛黛茶与PD呈负相关（比值比[OR]=0.44，95%可信区间[CI]=0.24 - 0.81，P=0.008）。如预期的那样，高量饮用咖啡也与PD呈负相关。在对咖啡消费、吸烟史和年龄进行调整后，瓜拉那玛黛茶仍具有相关性（OR 0.46，95%CI = 0.25 - 0.86，P = 0.014）。这两种暴露因素显示出相加效应。即使在对咖啡摄入量进行调整后，瓜拉那玛黛茶消费仍与PD呈负相关，提示可能具有保护作用。瓜拉那的作用可能由咖啡因介导，并通过其抗氧化成分发挥作用。与咖啡相比，瓜拉那玛黛茶的咖啡因浓度较低，且具有许多可能对PD保护很重要的抗氧化物质。需要进一步研究来验证这一假设。
