Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Sir Graeme Davies Building, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK.
Pathology and Microbiology Department, Collage of Veterinary Medicine, University of Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
BMC Microbiol. 2021 Mar 30;21(1):97. doi: 10.1186/s12866-021-02155-9.
Bacteriophages play important roles in the evolution of bacteria and in the emergence of new pathogenic strains by mediating the horizontal transfer of virulence genes. Pasteurella multocida is responsible for different disease syndromes in a wide range of domesticated animal species. However, very little is known about the influence of bacteriophages on disease pathogenesis in this species.
Temperate bacteriophage diversity was assessed in 47 P. multocida isolates of avian (9), bovine (8), ovine (10) and porcine (20) origin. Induction of phage particles with mitomycin C identified a diverse range of morphological types representing both Siphoviridae and Myoviridae family-types in 29 isolates. Phage of both morphological types were identified in three isolates indicating that a single bacterial host may harbour multiple prophages. DNA was isolated from bacteriophages recovered from 18 P. multocida isolates and its characterization by restriction endonuclease (RE) analysis identified 10 different RE types. Phage of identical RE types were identified in certain closely-related strains but phage having different RE types were present in other closely-related isolates suggesting possible recent acquisition. The host range of the induced phage particles was explored using plaque assay but only 11 (38%) phage lysates produced signs of infection in a panel of indicator strains comprising all 47 isolates. Notably, the majority (9/11) of phage lysates which caused infection originated from two groups of phylogenetically unrelated ovine and porcine strains that uniquely possessed the toxA gene.
Pasteurella multocida possesses a wide range of Siphoviridae- and Myoviridae-type bacteriophages which likely play key roles in the evolution and virulence of this pathogen.
噬菌体通过介导毒力基因的水平转移，在细菌进化和新致病性菌株的出现中发挥重要作用。多杀性巴氏杆菌可引起多种家养动物的不同疾病综合征。然而，关于噬菌体对该物种疾病发病机制的影响知之甚少。
评估了 47 株禽源（9 株）、牛源（8 株）、羊源（10 株）和猪源（20 株）多杀性巴氏杆菌的温和噬菌体多样性。用丝氨酸诱导噬菌体颗粒 mitomycin C 鉴定了 29 株菌中代表 Siphoviridae 和 Myoviridae 科型的多种形态类型。在 3 株菌中鉴定出了两种形态类型的噬菌体，表明单个细菌宿主可能含有多个前噬菌体。从 18 株多杀性巴氏杆菌分离物中回收的噬菌体的 DNA 进行了特征分析，通过限制性内切酶（RE）分析鉴定了 10 种不同的 RE 类型。在某些密切相关的菌株中鉴定到相同 RE 类型的噬菌体，但在其他密切相关的分离株中存在具有不同 RE 类型的噬菌体，表明可能是最近获得的。使用噬菌斑试验探索了诱导噬菌体颗粒的宿主范围，但在包含 47 株分离株的指示菌株组中，只有 11 株（38%）噬菌体裂解物显示出感染迹象。值得注意的是，引起感染的大多数（9/11）噬菌体裂解物来自两组亲缘关系较远的绵羊和猪源菌株，它们独特地拥有 toxA 基因。
多杀性巴氏杆菌拥有广泛的 Siphoviridae-和 Myoviridae 型噬菌体，这些噬菌体可能在该病原体的进化和毒力中发挥关键作用。
