Amazonas State Federal Institute of Science and Technology, Manaus East Zone Campus (IFAM/ CMZL), Manaus, Brazil.
Center for Comparative Epidemiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA.
BMC Vet Res. 2021 Mar 31;17(1):137. doi: 10.1186/s12917-021-02839-4.
Bovine tuberculosis (bTB), is a worldwide disease caused by Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis). The success of bTB eradication and control programs is based on early detection and the removal of reactors from a herd thus routine testing and cull strategy have been applied globally. Since the late nineteenth century, the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) has been the primary antemortem test available to support bTB eradication campaigns. Due to the TST limitations in terms of Se and Sp, the credibility of the diagnosis is frequently questioned given the occurrence of false-positive and false-negative reactions, therefore, it is necessary to confirm reactive animals using other methods, ensuring the reliability of the diagnosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of a multiplex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) relative to the tuberculin test used for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in cattle in Brazil.
Lack of agreement between comparative cervical tuberculin test and ELISA IDEXX TM was observed. The 2 animals positive on the comparative cervical tuberculin test did not react at the ELISA IDEXX TM and 22 negative reactors by comparative cervical tuberculin test were positive by the ELISA IDEXX TM. The ELISA IDEXX TM showed sensitivity that is significantly lower than the official screening test the single cervical tuberculin. ELISA IDEXX TM also detected infected animals and herds undetected by the comparative cervical tuberculin test. The parallel use of comparative cervical tuberculin test and ELISA IDEXX TM increased sensitivity and the feasibility bTB screening.
The results obtained here suggest that the ELISA IDEXX TM may be a supplemental test for the detection of Mycobacterium bovis infection in regions without routine testing and slaughter, where the disease generally progresses to more advanced stages and antibody responses are likely to be more prevalent. Evidence to support the validation of the ELISA IDEXX™ as a supplemental test for bTB eradication programs was provided.
牛结核病（bTB）是一种由牛分枝杆菌（M. bovis）引起的世界性疾病。bTB 根除和控制计划的成功基于早期检测和从畜群中清除反应者，因此全球范围内都采用了常规检测和淘汰策略。自 19 世纪末以来，结核菌素皮肤试验（TST）一直是支持 bTB 根除运动的主要生前检测方法。由于 TST 在 Se 和 Sp 方面的局限性，由于假阳性和假阴性反应的发生，诊断的可信度经常受到质疑，因此有必要使用其他方法来确认反应性动物，以确保诊断的可靠性。本研究旨在评估相对于用于巴西牛结核病诊断的结核菌素试验的多重酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）的敏感性和特异性。
比较颈结核菌素试验和 IDEXX TM ELISA 之间观察到缺乏一致性。2 头在比较颈结核菌素试验中呈阳性的动物在 IDEXX TM ELISA 中没有反应，而 22 头在比较颈结核菌素试验中呈阴性的反应者在 IDEXX TM ELISA 中呈阳性。IDEXX TM ELISA 的敏感性明显低于官方的单一颈结核菌素筛查试验。IDEXX TM ELISA 还检测到了比较颈结核菌素试验无法检测到的感染动物和畜群。比较颈结核菌素试验和 IDEXX TM ELISA 的平行使用提高了检测敏感性和 bTB 筛查的可行性。
这里获得的结果表明，IDEXX TM ELISA 可能是一种补充检测方法，用于检测无常规检测和屠宰的地区的 M. bovis 感染，在这些地区，疾病通常进展到更晚期，抗体反应可能更为普遍。提供了支持将 IDEXX™ ELISA 作为 bTB 根除计划的补充检测方法的验证证据。
