Ruiz-Guillén Ana, Suso-Ribera Carlos, Romero-Maroto Martín, Gallardo Carmen, Peñacoba Cecilia
Department of Nursing and Dentistry, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain.
Pediatric Dentist, Private Practice, Madrid, Spain.
Prog Orthod. 2021 Apr 1;22(1):10. doi: 10.1186/s40510-021-00354-8.
The quality of life (QoL) of children and adolescents with cleft lip/palate (CL/P) has been shown to be a predictor of good psychosocial functioning in this population group. This study aimed to measure QoL, from the patient´s perception of change produced by the different surgical and orthodontic treatments carried out since early childhood, and if gender and age are modulating the outcome variables results.
A cross-sectional research study was carried out. The study included 60 patients with cleft lip, cleft palate, or cleft lip/palate, aged between 8 and 18, who were in orthodontic treatment and had undergone at least one surgery. They were asked to complete the Quality-of-Life Adolescent Cleft Questionnaire (QoLAdoCleft), which allows the assessment of the QoL through self-perception of improvement after surgical and orthodontic interventions. In particular, this questionnaire (administered only once), allows the evaluation of self-perception of QoL at the present time and before orthodontic and surgical treatment. This double assessment was carried out for the domains of physical, psychological, and social health. The results were analysed by looking at the interaction of gender and age.
Statistically significant differences were found in the perception of the current QoL in comparison to the retrospective perception in all the dimensions considered. The perception of QoL improved in all cases. The results also showed a moderation of gender in the relation between perception of previous behaviour and social function and actual behaviour and social function.
The results indicated that patients perceived their quality of life had improved as a result of the treatments received, with the highest effect sizes found in the physical health domain. Specifically, the improvement in QoL in behaviour and social function tended to be influenced to a greater extent by perception of previous QoL. In this sense, personalized preventative measures from holistic and biopsychosocial approaches are necessary.
唇腭裂（CL/P）儿童和青少年的生活质量（QoL）已被证明是该人群良好心理社会功能的一个预测指标。本研究旨在从患者对自幼儿期以来所接受的不同手术和正畸治疗所产生变化的感知角度来衡量生活质量，并探究性别和年龄是否在调节结果变量。
开展了一项横断面研究。该研究纳入了60例年龄在8至18岁之间、正在接受正畸治疗且至少接受过一次手术的唇裂、腭裂或唇腭裂患者。要求他们完成青少年唇腭裂生活质量问卷（QoLAdoCleft），该问卷可通过对手术和正畸干预后改善情况的自我感知来评估生活质量。特别是，这份问卷（仅发放一次）可以评估当前以及正畸和手术治疗前的生活质量自我感知。对身体、心理和社会健康领域进行了这种双重评估。通过观察性别和年龄的相互作用来分析结果。
在所有考虑的维度中，与回顾性感知相比，当前生活质量的感知存在统计学上的显著差异。所有病例中生活质量的感知都有所改善。结果还显示，在先前行为感知与社会功能以及实际行为与社会功能之间的关系中，性别起到了调节作用。
结果表明，患者认为他们所接受的治疗使生活质量得到了改善，在身体健康领域发现的效应量最高。具体而言，行为和社会功能方面生活质量的改善在更大程度上倾向于受到先前生活质量感知的影响。从这个意义上说，有必要从整体和生物心理社会方法出发采取个性化的预防措施。
