Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA.
Zamorano Pan-American Agricultural School, San Antonio de Oriente, Francisco Morazán, Honduras.
J Food Prot. 2021 Jul 1;84(8):1321-1332. doi: 10.4315/JFP-20-498.
Bacillus strain UTK D1-0055 was isolated from a laboratory environment and appeared to have antilisterial activity. The genome was sequenced, the strain was identified as Bacillus altitudinis, and a high-quality complete annotated genome was produced. The taxonomy was evaluated for this and related Bacillus species (B. aerophilus, B. pumilus, B. safensis, B. stratosphericus, and B. xiamenensis) because the taxonomy is unclear and contains errors in public databases such as NCBI. The included strains grouped into seven clusters based on average nucleotide identity. Strains designated as B. aerophilus, B. altitudinis, and B. stratosphericus grouped together in the cluster containing the B. altitudinis type strain, suggesting that these three species should be considered a single species, B. altitudinis. The antimicrobial activity of UTK D1-0055 was evaluated against a panel of 15 Listeria strains (nine Listeria monocytogenes serotypes, Listeria innocua, and Listeria marthii), other foodborne pathogens (six Salmonella enterica serotypes and Escherichia coli), and three representative fungi (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Botrytis cinerea, and Hyperdermium pulvinatum). Antibacterial activity was observed against all Listeria strains, but no antibacterial effects were found against the other tested bacterial and fungal strains. Biosynthetic gene clusters were identified in silico that may be related to the observed antibacterial activity, and these clusters included genes that putatively encode bacteriocins and nonribosomally synthesized peptides. The B. altitudinis strain identified in this investigation had a broad range of antilisterial activity, suggesting that it and other related strains may be useful for biocontrol in the food industry.
从实验室环境中分离到的芽孢杆菌 UTK D1-0055 具有抗李斯特菌活性。对其基因组进行测序后，鉴定为高山芽孢杆菌，并生成了高质量的完整注释基因组。由于分类学不明确，且公共数据库（如 NCBI）中存在错误，因此对该菌和相关芽孢杆菌（嗜气芽孢杆菌、短小芽孢杆菌、沙福芽孢杆菌、平流层芽孢杆菌和厦门芽孢杆菌）进行了分类学评估。基于平均核苷酸同一性，所包含的菌株分为七个聚类。被指定为嗜气芽孢杆菌、高山芽孢杆菌和平流层芽孢杆菌的菌株聚集在包含高山芽孢杆菌模式株的聚类中，这表明这三个物种应被视为一个单一物种，即高山芽孢杆菌。评估了 UTK D1-0055 对 15 株李斯特菌菌株（9 种单核细胞增生李斯特菌血清型、无害李斯特菌和马氏李斯特菌）、其他食源性病原体（6 种沙门氏菌血清型和大肠杆菌）和 3 种代表性真菌（酿酒酵母、Botrytis cinerea 和 Hyperdermium pulvinatum）的抗菌活性。对所有李斯特菌菌株均观察到抗菌活性，但对其他测试的细菌和真菌菌株未发现抗菌作用。通过计算机鉴定了可能与观察到的抗菌活性相关的生物合成基因簇，这些簇包括编码细菌素和非核糖体合成肽的基因。本研究中鉴定的高山芽孢杆菌菌株具有广泛的抗李斯特菌活性，表明其和其他相关菌株可能在食品工业中具有生物防治的用途。
