Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Nat Biomed Eng. 2021 Sep;5(9):951-967. doi: 10.1038/s41551-021-00698-w. Epub 2021 Apr 1.
Drug delivery technologies have enabled the development of many pharmaceutical products that improve patient health by enhancing the delivery of a therapeutic to its target site, minimizing off-target accumulation and facilitating patient compliance. As therapeutic modalities expanded beyond small molecules to include nucleic acids, peptides, proteins and antibodies, drug delivery technologies were adapted to address the challenges that emerged. In this Review Article, we discuss seminal approaches that led to the development of successful therapeutic products involving small molecules and macromolecules, identify three drug delivery paradigms that form the basis of contemporary drug delivery and discuss how they have aided the initial clinical successes of each class of therapeutic. We also outline how the paradigms will contribute to the delivery of live-cell therapies.
药物传递技术使许多改善患者健康的药物产品得以开发，这些产品通过增强治疗剂向靶部位的传递、最小化非靶部位的积累和提高患者顺应性来实现。随着治疗方式从小分子扩展到包括核酸、肽、蛋白质和抗体，药物传递技术也得到了相应的发展，以应对新出现的挑战。在这篇综述文章中，我们讨论了导致小分子和大分子成功治疗产品开发的开创性方法，确定了构成当代药物传递基础的三种药物传递范例，并讨论了它们如何帮助每一类治疗药物的早期临床成功。我们还概述了这些范例将如何有助于活细胞疗法的传递。
