Tesfa Tewodros, Baye Yohannes, Sisay Mekonnen, Amare Firehiwot, Gashaw Tigist
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
Department of Paediatrics & Child Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
SAGE Open Med. 2021 Mar 16;9:20503121211001162. doi: 10.1177/20503121211001162. eCollection 2021.
Urinary tract infection is a common infection posing a significant healthcare burden globally. Currently, it is becoming hard to manage due to the drug resistance of uropathogens. This study aimed to evaluate the rate of culture positivity and the susceptibility pattern of isolates among clinically diagnosed patients with urinary tract infection.
An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted on patients clinically diagnosed with urinary tract infections and received a drug prescription at Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital from August 2018 to June 2019. A clean-catch mid-stream urine specimen was collected and bacterial identification and susceptibility test were performed using standard microbiological methods. Data were entered into EpiInfo 7 and exported to STATA 15 for analysis. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and bi-variate and multivariate regression analyses and presented with graphs, frequency, and tables.
A total of 687 urine samples were collected from patients with clinically diagnosed urinary tract infections. The mean age was 31 years and 56.62% were female. 28.38% of the participants had a culture-positive result, of which 86.15% had monomicrobial infections. Inpatients (AOR = 3.8, 95% CI = (1.8-7.9)) and hypertensive patients (AOR = 2.1, 95% CI = (1.1-4.4)) had higher odds of culture-positive results. species (35.3%), (25.34%), species (6.8%), and other Enterobacterales are isolated. Most isolates showed resistance to more than one drug, and amikacin, gentamicin, and nitrofurantoin showed relatively higher activity against isolates.
About one-third of the clinically diagnosed patients with urinary tract infection were culture-positive with many types of bacterial uropathogens. Inpatients and hypertensive patients had a higher risk of developing bacterial infections. Bacterial isolates showed different percentages of susceptibility to the tested antibiotics.
尿路感染是一种常见感染，在全球范围内造成了重大的医疗负担。目前，由于尿路病原体的耐药性，其治疗变得困难。本研究旨在评估临床诊断为尿路感染的患者中培养阳性率及分离株的药敏模式。
于2018年8月至2019年6月在Hiwot Fana专科医院对临床诊断为尿路感染并接受药物处方的患者进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究。收集清洁中段尿标本，采用标准微生物学方法进行细菌鉴定和药敏试验。数据录入EpiInfo 7并导出至STATA 15进行分析。采用描述性分析、双变量和多变量回归分析对数据进行分析，并以图表、频率和表格形式呈现。
共收集了687份临床诊断为尿路感染患者的尿液样本。平均年龄为31岁，女性占56.62%。28.38%的参与者培养结果为阳性，其中86.15%为单一微生物感染。住院患者（调整后比值比[AOR]=3.8，95%置信区间[CI]=(1.8 - 7.9)）和高血压患者（AOR=2.1，95%CI=(1.1 - 4.4)）培养结果为阳性的几率更高。分离出大肠埃希菌属（35.3%）、肺炎克雷伯菌（25.34%）、奇异变形杆菌（6.8%）及其他肠杆菌科细菌。大多数分离株对多种药物耐药，阿米卡星、庆大霉素和呋喃妥因对分离株显示出相对较高的活性。
约三分之一临床诊断为尿路感染的患者培养结果为阳性，存在多种类型的尿路致病菌。住院患者和高血压患者发生细菌感染的风险较高。细菌分离株对所检测抗生素的药敏率各不相同。
