Mycobacteriology Research Centre (MRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, P.O. Box 1475744741, Tehran, Iran.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Aug;28(31):42037-42050. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-13542-0. Epub 2021 Apr 1.
The validation of an analytical procedure based on the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) approach is presented for multiresidue analysis of pesticides in dates by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS). The proposed methodology was applied for simultaneous quantification of 16 pesticides in 50 different date fruits. Method validation was performed regarding accuracy, precision, LDR, LOD, and LOQ, as well as matrix effects. Results of validation were satisfactory, with recoveries higher than 80% for 75% of the samples for 100- and 500- μg L spike levels. Evaluation of the matrix effect revealed that for 81% of the samples, a slight matrix effect was observed. Residues in 92% of the real samples were found below national MRLs. Afterward, hazard quotient (HQ) and total hazard quotient (THQ) of human health risk assessment of pesticides was estimated using a probabilistic approach based on the Monte Carlo (MC) algorithm. Total hazard quotient (THQ) in adults based on the consumption of dates in total samples was estimated to be 7.8% and 36.7% for adults and children, respectively. Since the studied pesticides are registered in the country and are the most widely used pesticides on dates, the occurrence of other pesticide residues seems to be unlikely. Consequently, the applied health risk assessment on Iranian date fruit samples showed that the HQ for adults and children populations indicates no risk to human health.
基于快速、简便、廉价、有效、耐用和安全（QuEChERS）方法，建立了一种分析程序的验证方法，用于通过液相色谱-串联质谱法（UHPLC-MS）对枣中多农药残留进行分析。该方法应用于同时定量分析 50 种不同枣果中 16 种农药。方法验证涉及准确度、精密度、LDR、LOD 和 LOQ 以及基质效应。验证结果令人满意，在 100-和 500-μg/L 加标水平下，75%的样品回收率高于 80%。基质效应评估表明，81%的样品存在轻微的基质效应。在 92%的实际样品中，残留量低于国家 MRLs。随后，采用基于蒙特卡罗（MC）算法的概率方法对农药的人类健康风险进行了危害商（HQ）和总危害商（THQ）评估。基于成年人食用枣的总样本，总危害商（THQ）分别为 7.8%和 36.7%。由于所研究的农药在该国已注册，并且是枣上使用最广泛的农药，因此其他农药残留的出现似乎不太可能。因此，对伊朗枣果样本进行的应用健康风险评估表明，成人和儿童人群的 HQ 表明对人类健康没有风险。
