Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Sleep Med. 2018 Apr;44:67-75. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2017.11.1131. Epub 2017 Dec 6.
Inadequate sleep duration and insomnia can affect both physical and mental health. There is limited evidence, however, on characteristics and correlates of sleep patterns and insomnia in urban and rural China.
This cross-sectional study, involving 512,891 adults aged 30-79 years from ten (five urban and five rural) diverse areas in China, recorded detailed information, using interviewer-administered laptop-based questionnaires, on sleep patterns (duration, daytime napping and snoring) and insomnia symptoms. Logistic regression was used to examine the associations of sleep patterns and insomnia symptoms with a range of socio-economic, lifestyle, behaviour and health-related factors.
Overall, the mean (SD) sleep duration was 7.38 (1.37) h, with 23% reporting short (≤6 h) and 16% reporting long (≥9 h) sleep duration, 21% taking daytime naps and 22% having frequent snoring. Overall, 17% reported having insomnia symptoms, with a higher proportion in women than in men (19% vs 13%), in rural than in urban residents (19% vs 15%), and in individuals who were living alone (23%). The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of having insomnia symptoms were significantly higher among people with major depressive episodes (6.10, 95% CI: 5.69-6.55), generalised anxiety disorders (7.46, 6.65-8.37) and any chronic diseases (1.46; 1.44-1.49). In contrast, the ORs of insomnia symptoms were significantly lower among those reporting napping (0.77, 0.75-0.78) and frequent snoring (0.86, 0.84-0.87).
Among Chinese adults, sleep patterns varied greatly by socio-economic, lifestyle and health-related factors. The risk of insomnia symptoms was associated with both poor mental and physical health status.
睡眠不足和失眠会影响身心健康。然而，关于中国城乡地区睡眠模式和失眠的特征和相关因素的证据有限。
本横断面研究纳入了来自中国十个不同地区（五个城市和五个农村）的 512891 名 30-79 岁成年人，使用访谈者管理的基于笔记本电脑的问卷记录了详细的睡眠模式（持续时间、白天小睡和打鼾）和失眠症状信息。采用 logistic 回归分析了睡眠模式和失眠症状与一系列社会经济、生活方式、行为和健康相关因素的关联。
总体而言，平均（SD）睡眠时间为 7.38（1.37）小时，23%的人报告睡眠时间短（≤6 小时），16%的人报告睡眠时间长（≥9 小时），21%的人白天小睡，22%的人经常打鼾。总体而言，17%的人报告有失眠症状，女性的比例高于男性（19%比 13%），农村居民高于城市居民（19%比 15%），独居者的比例更高（23%）。有重度抑郁发作（6.10，95%CI：5.69-6.55）、广泛性焦虑症（7.46，6.65-8.37）和任何慢性疾病（1.46；1.44-1.49）的人患失眠症状的调整后比值比（ORs）显著较高。相反，报告白天小睡（0.77，0.75-0.78）和经常打鼾（0.86，0.84-0.87）的人患失眠症状的 ORs 显著较低。
在中国成年人中，睡眠模式因社会经济、生活方式和健康相关因素而有很大差异。失眠症状的风险与心理健康和身体健康状况不佳有关。
