College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States.
College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States; Brien Holden Vision Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Vision Res. 2021 Jun;183:106-117. doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2021.02.004. Epub 2021 Mar 30.
Although reduced ambient lighting ("dim" light) can cause myopia in emmetropizing chicks, it does not necessarily lead to myopic changes in emmetropizing rhesus monkeys. Because myopia is rarely spontaneous, a question remained whether dim light would hasten the progression of visually induced myopia. To determine the effects of dim light on the development of and recovery from form-deprivation myopia (FDM), seven 3-week-old infant rhesus monkeys were reared under dim light (mean ± SD = 55 ± 9 lx) with monocular diffuser spectacles until ~154 days of age, then maintained in dim light with unrestricted vision until ~337 days of age to allow for recovery. Refractive errors, corneal powers, ocular axial dimensions and sub-foveal choroidal thicknesses were measured longitudinally and compared to those obtained from form-deprived monkeys reared under typical laboratory lighting (504 ± 168 lx). Five of the seven subjects developed FDMs that were similar to those observed among their normal-light-reared counterparts. The average degree of form-deprivation-induced myopic anisometropia did not differ significantly between dim-light subjects (-3.88 ± 3.26D) and normal-light subjects (-4.45 ± 3.75D). However, three of the five dim-light subjects that developed obvious FDM failed to exhibit any signs of recovery and the two monkeys that were isometropic at the end of the treatment period manifest abnormal refractive errors during the recovery period. All refractive changes were associated with alterations in vitreous chamber elongation rates. It appears that dim light is not a strong myopiagenic stimulus by itself, but it can impair the optical regulation of refractive development in primates.
尽管环境光照度降低（“昏暗”光线）可导致正视小鸡发生近视，但不一定会导致正视恒河猴发生近视变化。由于近视很少是自发的，因此仍存在疑问，即昏暗光线是否会加速视觉诱导近视的进展。为了确定昏暗光线对形觉剥夺性近视（FDM）发展和恢复的影响，7 只 3 周龄婴儿恒河猴在昏暗光线下（平均值±标准差=55±9 勒克斯）用单眼漫射眼镜进行饲养，直至约 154 日龄，然后在昏暗光线下保持非限制视力，直至约 337 日龄，以允许恢复。 我们纵向测量了屈光不正、角膜曲率、眼轴长度和黄斑下脉络膜厚度，并与在典型实验室光照（504±168 勒克斯）下饲养的形觉剥夺猴获得的结果进行了比较。 7 只猴子中有 5 只出现了 FDM，类似于在正常光照下饲养的猴子中观察到的 FDM。 昏暗光线下的受试者的形觉剥夺诱导近视的平均屈光度差异（-3.88±3.26D）与正常光线下的受试者（-4.45±3.75D）无显著差异。 然而，在 5 只出现明显 FDM 的昏暗光线下的猴子中，有 3 只没有任何恢复迹象，而在治疗结束时为屈光平衡的 2 只猴子在恢复期间表现出异常的屈光不正。 所有的屈光变化都与玻璃体腔伸长率的改变有关。 昏暗光本身似乎不是一个很强的近视诱导刺激，但它可以损害灵长类动物的屈光发育的光学调节。
