Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition University Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias. Av. Roma, s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
Nutrients. 2021 Mar 28;13(4):1108. doi: 10.3390/nu13041108.
Elimination of gluten-containing cereals and consumption of ultra-processed gluten-free foods might cause an unbalanced diet, deficient in fiber and rich in sugar and fat, circumstances that may predispose celiac children to chronic constipation.
to evaluate if counseling with a registered dietitian (RD) was capable of improving eating and bowel habits in a celiac pediatric population.
Dietetic, lipid profile and stool modifications were analyzed, comparing baseline assessments with those twelve months after receiving heathy eating and nutrition education sessions. At both time points, 3-day food records, a bowel habit record and a lipid panel were conducted. Calculated relative intake of macro- and micro-nutrients were compared with current recommendations by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Student's paired -test, McNemar test, Mandasky test and Pearson correlation tests were used.
Seventy-two subjects (58.3% girls) with a mean (standard deviation (SD)) age of 10.2 (3.4) years were included. Baseline diets were imbalanced in macronutrient composition. Significant improvements were observed in their compliance with dietary reference values (DRVs), where 50% of the subjects met fat requirements after the education and 67% and 49% with those of carbohydrates and fiber, respectively ( < 0.001). Celiac children decreased red meat and ultra-processed foods consumption ( < 0.001) and increased fruits and vegetables intake ( < 0.001), leading to a reduction in saturated fat ( < 0.001) and sugar intake ( < 0.001). Furthermore, 92% of the patients achieved a normal bowel habit, including absence of hard stools in 80% of children constipated at baseline ( < 0.001).
RD-led nutrition education is able to improve eating patterns in children with celiac disease (CD).
消除含麸质的谷物并食用超加工的无麸质食品可能导致饮食不均衡，纤维含量不足而糖和脂肪含量过高，这种情况可能使乳糜泻儿童容易发生慢性便秘。
评估注册营养师（RD）的咨询是否能够改善乳糜泻儿科人群的饮食和肠道习惯。
分析饮食、血脂谱和粪便变化，将基线评估与接受健康饮食和营养教育课程后 12 个月的评估进行比较。在这两个时间点，进行了 3 天的食物记录、排便习惯记录和血脂谱检测。比较计算得出的宏量和微量营养素的相对摄入量与欧洲食品安全局（EFSA）的当前推荐值。使用学生配对 t 检验、McNemar 检验、Mandasky 检验和 Pearson 相关检验。
共纳入 72 名（58.3%为女孩）受试者，平均（标准差（SD））年龄为 10.2（3.4）岁。基线饮食在宏量营养素组成上存在不平衡。在遵守饮食参考值（DRV）方面观察到显著改善，其中 50%的受试者在接受教育后满足脂肪需求，分别有 67%和 49%满足碳水化合物和纤维需求（<0.001）。乳糜泻儿童减少了红肉和超加工食品的摄入（<0.001），增加了水果和蔬菜的摄入（<0.001），导致饱和脂肪（<0.001）和糖的摄入量减少（<0.001）。此外，92%的患者实现了正常的排便习惯，包括 80%基线时便秘的儿童没有硬便（<0.001）。
RD 主导的营养教育能够改善乳糜泻患儿的饮食模式。
