Alvarenga Amanda B, Oliveira Hinayah R, Chen Shi-Yi, Miller Stephen P, Marchant-Forde Jeremy N, Grigoletto Lais, Brito Luiz F
Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Mar 6;11(3):715. doi: 10.3390/ani11030715.
The main objectives of this study were to perform a systematic review of genomic regions associated with various behavioral traits in the main farmed mammals and identify key candidate genes and potential causal mutations by contrasting the frequency of polymorphisms in cattle breeds with divergent behavioral traits (based on a subjective clustering approach). A total of 687 (cattle), 1391 (pigs), and 148 (sheep) genomic regions associated with 37 (cattle), 55 (pigs), and 22 (sheep) behavioral traits were identified in the literature. In total, 383, 317, and 15 genes overlap with genomic regions identified for cattle, pigs, and sheep, respectively. Six common genes (e.g., , , , , , and ) were found for cattle and pigs. A combined gene-set of 634 human genes was produced through identified homologous genes. A total of 313 out of 634 genes have previously been associated with behavioral, mental, and neurologic disorders (e.g., anxiety and schizophrenia) in humans. Additionally, a total of 491 candidate genes had at least one statistically significant polymorphism (-value < 0.05). Out of those, 110 genes were defined as having polymorphic regions differing in greater than 50% of exon regions. Therefore, conserved genomic regions controlling behavior were found across farmed mammal species and humans.
本研究的主要目的是对与主要养殖哺乳动物各种行为特征相关的基因组区域进行系统综述，并通过对比具有不同行为特征的牛品种（基于主观聚类方法）中多态性的频率，识别关键候选基因和潜在的因果突变。在文献中，共鉴定出与37种（牛）、55种（猪）和22种（羊）行为特征相关的687个（牛）、1391个（猪）和148个（羊）基因组区域。分别有383个、317个和15个基因与为牛、猪和羊鉴定出的基因组区域重叠。在牛和猪中发现了6个共同基因（例如， 、 、 、 、 和 ）。通过鉴定同源基因，生成了一个包含634个人类基因的组合基因集。在634个基因中，共有313个基因先前已与人类的行为、精神和神经疾病（如焦虑症和精神分裂症）相关。此外，共有491个候选基因至少有一个具有统计学意义的多态性（-值<0.05）。其中，110个基因被定义为在外显子区域超过50%存在多态性差异。因此，在养殖哺乳动物物种和人类中发现了控制行为的保守基因组区域。
