Titterington Frances Margaret, Knox Rachel, Morrison Steven James, Shirali Masoud
Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Large Park, Hillsborough BT26 6DR, UK.
AgriSearch, Innovation Centre, Large Park, Hillsborough BT26 6DR, UK.
Animals (Basel). 2022 Sep 28;12(19):2602. doi: 10.3390/ani12192602.
People who work with cattle are at severe risk of serious injury due to the size and strength of the cattle. This risk can be minimised by breeding less dangerous cattle, which have a more favourable reaction to humans. This study provides a systematic review of literature pertaining to cattle genetics relating to behaviour. The review protocol was developed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework, with Population, Exposure and Outcome components identified as Bovine, Genetics and Behaviour respectively. Forty-nine studies were identified in the sifting and assigned non-exclusively to groups of heritability (22), genomic associations (13) and production traits related to behaviour (24). Behavioural traits were clustered into the following groups: "temperament, disposition and/ or docility", "aggression", "chute score", "flight speed", "milking temperament", "non-restrained methods" and "restrained methods". Fourteen papers reported high accuracy (Standard Error ≤ 0.05) estimates of heritability, the majority ( = 12) of these studies measured over 1000 animals. The heritability estimates were found to vary between studies. Gene associations with behavioural traits were found on all chromosomes except for chromosome 13, with associated SNPs reported on all chromosomes except 5, 13, 17, 18 and 23. Generally, it was found that correlations between behaviour and production traits were low or negligible. These studies suggest that additive improvement of behavioural traits in cattle is possible and would not negatively impact performance. However, the variation between studies demonstrates that the genetic relationships are population specific. Thus, to assess the heritability, genetic associations with production and genomic areas of interest for behavioural traits, a large-scale study of the population of interest would be required.
由于牛的体型和力量，与牛打交道的人面临着严重受伤的高风险。通过培育危险性较低、对人类反应更有利的牛，可以将这种风险降至最低。本研究对与行为相关的牛遗传学文献进行了系统综述。综述方案是使用系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）框架制定的，其中人群、暴露因素和结果部分分别确定为牛、遗传学和行为。在筛选过程中确定了49项研究，并将其非排他性地分为遗传力组（22项）、基因组关联组（13项）和与行为相关的生产性状组（24项）。行为性状被聚类为以下几组：“性情、气质和/或温顺性”、“攻击性”、“ chute评分”、“飞行速度”、“挤奶性情”、“非约束方法”和“约束方法”。14篇论文报告了遗传力的高精度（标准误差≤0.05）估计值，其中大多数（=12）研究测量了1000多头动物。发现不同研究之间的遗传力估计值有所不同。除13号染色体外，在所有染色体上均发现了与行为性状相关的基因关联，除5、13、17、18和23号染色体外，在所有染色体上均报告了相关的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）。一般来说，发现行为与生产性状之间的相关性较低或可忽略不计。这些研究表明，对牛的行为性状进行累加改良是可能的，并且不会对性能产生负面影响。然而，研究之间的差异表明，遗传关系是特定于种群的。因此，为了评估感兴趣种群的遗传力、与生产和行为性状感兴趣的基因组区域的遗传关联，需要对感兴趣的种群进行大规模研究。
