González Ariza Antonio, Arando Arbulu Ander, Navas González Francisco Javier, Delgado Bermejo Juan Vicente, Camacho Vallejo María Esperanza
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
Instituto de Investigación y Formación Agraria y Pesquera (IFAPA), Alameda del Obispo, 14004 Córdoba, Spain.
Foods. 2021 Mar 17;10(3):632. doi: 10.3390/foods10030632.
This study aimed to develop a tool to validate multivariety breed egg quality classification depending on quality-related internal and external traits using a discriminant canonical analysis approach. A flock of 60 Utrerana hens (Franciscan, White, Black, and Partridge) and a control group of 10 Leghorn hens were placed in individual cages to follow the traceability of the eggs and perform an individual internal and external quality assessment. Egg groups were determined depending on their commercial size (S, M, L, and XL), laying hen breed, and variety. Egg weight, major diameter, minor diameter, shell b*, albumen height, and the presence or absence of visual defects in yolk and/or albumen showed multicollinearity problems (variance inflation factor (VIF) > 5) and were discarded. Albumen weight, eggshell weight, and yolk weight were the most responsible traits for the differences among egg quality categories (Wilks' lambda: 0.335, 0.539, and 0.566 for albumen weight, eggshell weight, and yolk weight, respectively). The combination of traits in the first two dimensions explained 55.02% and 20.62% variability among groups, respectively. Shared properties between Partridge and Franciscan varieties may stem from their eggs presenting heavier yolks and slightly lower weights, while White Utrerana and Leghorn hens' similarities may be ascribed to hybridization reminiscences.
本研究旨在开发一种工具，使用判别式典型分析方法，根据与质量相关的内部和外部特征来验证多品种鸡蛋的质量分类。将一群60只乌特雷拉纳母鸡（方济各会、白色、黑色和鹧鸪色）和一个由10只来亨鸡组成的对照组置于单独的笼子中，以追踪鸡蛋的可追溯性，并进行个体内部和外部质量评估。根据鸡蛋的商业尺寸（S、M、L和XL）、产蛋母鸡品种和种类来确定鸡蛋组。蛋重、长径、短径、蛋壳b*值、蛋白高度以及蛋黄和/或蛋白中是否存在视觉缺陷存在多重共线性问题（方差膨胀因子（VIF）>5），因此被舍弃。蛋白重量、蛋壳重量和蛋黄重量是造成鸡蛋质量类别差异的最主要特征（蛋白重量、蛋壳重量和蛋黄重量的威尔克斯'λ分别为0.335、0.539和0.566）。前两个维度的特征组合分别解释了组间55.02%和20.62%的变异性。鹧鸪色和方济各会品种之间的共同特性可能源于它们的鸡蛋蛋黄较重且重量略低，而白色乌特雷拉纳母鸡和来亨鸡的相似性可能归因于杂交的遗留影响。
