Department of Health Sciences, Section of Dermatology, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy.
Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology Unit, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Mar 17;22(6):3065. doi: 10.3390/ijms22063065.
The transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), a member of the TRP superfamily of channels, acts as 'polymodal cellular sensor' on primary sensory neurons where it mediates the peripheral and central processing of pain, itch, and thermal sensation. However, the TRPA1 expression extends far beyond the sensory nerves. In recent years, much attention has been paid to its expression and function in non-neuronal cell types including skin cells, such as keratinocytes, melanocytes, mast cells, dendritic cells, and endothelial cells. TRPA1 seems critically involved in a series of physiological skin functions, including formation and maintenance of physico-chemical skin barriers, skin cells, and tissue growth and differentiation. TRPA1 appears to be implicated in mechanistic processes in various immunological inflammatory diseases and cancers of the skin, such as atopic and allergic contact dermatitis, psoriasis, bullous pemphigoid, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, and melanoma. Here, we report recent findings on the implication of TRPA1 in skin physiology and pathophysiology. The potential use of TRPA1 antagonists in the treatment of inflammatory and immunological skin disorders will be also addressed.
瞬时受体电位锚蛋白 1（TRPA1）是 TRP 超家族通道的成员，作为初级感觉神经元上的“多模式细胞传感器”，介导疼痛、瘙痒和热感觉的外周和中枢处理。然而，TRPA1 的表达远远超出了感觉神经。近年来，人们对其在非神经元细胞类型中的表达和功能给予了极大关注，包括皮肤细胞，如角质形成细胞、黑素细胞、肥大细胞、树突状细胞和内皮细胞。TRPA1 似乎在一系列生理皮肤功能中起着关键作用，包括物理化学皮肤屏障、皮肤细胞以及组织生长和分化的形成和维持。TRPA1 似乎与各种免疫炎症性疾病和皮肤癌的机制过程有关，如特应性皮炎和过敏性接触性皮炎、银屑病、大疱性类天疱疮、皮肤 T 细胞淋巴瘤和黑色素瘤。在这里，我们报告了 TRPA1 在皮肤生理学和病理生理学中的最新发现。还将讨论 TRPA1 拮抗剂在治疗炎症和免疫性皮肤疾病中的潜在用途。
