Department of Clinical Psychology, Psychobiology and Methodology, University of La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
Department of Educational Sciences, University of La Rioja, 26002 Logroño, La Rioja, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Mar 15;18(6):3024. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18063024.
Bipolar disorder is usually accompanied by a high suicide risk. The main aim was to identify the risk and protective factors involved in suicide risk in adolescents with bipolar experiences. Of a total of 1506 adolescents, 467 (31%) were included in the group reporting bipolar experiences or symptoms, 214 males (45.8%) and 253 (54.2%) females. The mean age was 16.22 ( = 1.36), with the age range between 14 and 19. Suicide risk, behavioral and emotional difficulties, prosocial capacities, well-being, and bipolar experiences were assessed through self-report. Mediation analyses, taking gender as a moderator and controlling age as a covariate, were applied to estimate suicide risk. The results indicated that the effect of bipolar experiences on suicide risk is mediated by behavioral and emotional difficulties rather than by prosocial behavior and subjective well-being. Specifically, emotional problems, problems with peers, behavior problems, and difficulties associated with hyperactivity were the most important variables. This relationship was not modulated by gender. However, the indirect effects of some mediators varied according to gender. These results support the development of suicide risk prevention strategies focused on reducing emotional difficulties, behavioral problems, and difficulties in relationships with others.
双相情感障碍通常伴随着较高的自杀风险。本研究旨在确定与青少年双相情感障碍经历相关的自杀风险的危险因素和保护因素。在总共 1506 名青少年中，有 467 名（31%）报告有双相情感障碍经历或症状，其中 214 名男性（45.8%）和 253 名女性（54.2%）。平均年龄为 16.22（ = 1.36），年龄范围在 14 至 19 岁之间。通过自我报告评估自杀风险、行为和情绪困难、亲社会能力、幸福感和双相情感障碍经历。考虑到性别作为调节变量并控制年龄作为协变量，进行中介分析以估计自杀风险。结果表明，双相情感障碍经历对自杀风险的影响是通过行为和情绪困难而不是通过亲社会行为和主观幸福感来介导的。具体来说，情绪问题、同伴问题、行为问题以及与多动相关的困难是最重要的变量。这种关系不受性别调节。然而，一些中介变量的间接效应因性别而异。这些结果支持制定以减少情绪困难、行为问题和与他人关系困难为重点的自杀风险预防策略。
