Hussain Yaseen, Mirzaei Sepideh, Ashrafizadeh Milad, Zarrabi Ali, Hushmandi Kiavash, Khan Haroon, Daglia Maria
Lab of Control Release and Drug Delivery System, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran 1477893855, Iran.
Cancers (Basel). 2021 Mar 31;13(7):1602. doi: 10.3390/cancers13071602.
Prostate cancer is the second most leading and prevalent malignancy around the world, following lung cancer. Prostate cancer is characterized by the uncontrolled growth of cells in the prostate gland. Prostate cancer morbidity and mortality have grown drastically, and intensive prostate cancer care is unlikely to produce adequate outcomes. The synthetic drugs for the treatment of prostate cancer in clinical practice face several challenges. Quercetin is a natural flavonoid found in fruits and vegetables. Apart from its beneficial effects, its plays a key role as an anti-cancer agent. Quercetin has shown anticancer potential, both alone and in combination. Therefore, the current study was designed to collect information from the literature regarding its therapeutic significance in the treatment of prostate cancer. Studies performed both in vitro and in vivo have confirmed that quercetin effectively prevents prostate cancer through different underlying mechanisms. Promising findings have also been achieved in clinical trials regarding the pharmacokinetics and human applications of quercetin. In the meantime, epidemiological studies have shown a negative correlation between the consumption of quercetin and the incidence of prostate cancer, and have indicated a chemopreventive effect of quercetin on prostate cancer in animal models. The major issues associated with quercetin are its low bioavailability and rapid metabolism, and these require priority attention. Chemoresistance is another main negative feature concerning prostate cancer treatment. This review highlights the chemotherapeutic effect, chemo preventive effect, and chemoresistance elimination potential of quercetin in prostate cancer. The underlying mechanisms for elimination of prostate cancer and eradication of resistance, either alone or in combination with other agents, are also discussed. In addition, the nanoscale delivery of quercetin is underpinned along with possible directions for future study.
前列腺癌是全球第二大常见恶性肿瘤，仅次于肺癌。前列腺癌的特征是前列腺腺体内细胞不受控制地生长。前列腺癌的发病率和死亡率急剧上升，而强化前列腺癌护理不太可能产生足够的效果。临床实践中用于治疗前列腺癌的合成药物面临若干挑战。槲皮素是一种存在于水果和蔬菜中的天然类黄酮。除了其有益作用外，它还作为一种抗癌剂发挥关键作用。槲皮素已显示出单独及联合使用时的抗癌潜力。因此，本研究旨在从文献中收集有关其在前列腺癌治疗中的治疗意义的信息。体外和体内研究均证实，槲皮素通过不同的潜在机制有效预防前列腺癌。关于槲皮素的药代动力学和人体应用的临床试验也取得了有前景的结果。与此同时，流行病学研究表明槲皮素的摄入量与前列腺癌发病率之间呈负相关，并表明槲皮素在动物模型中对前列腺癌具有化学预防作用。与槲皮素相关的主要问题是其低生物利用度和快速代谢，这些需要优先关注。化疗耐药性是前列腺癌治疗的另一个主要负面特征。本综述强调了槲皮素在前列腺癌中的化疗作用、化学预防作用和消除化疗耐药性的潜力。还讨论了单独或与其他药物联合消除前列腺癌和根除耐药性的潜在机制。此外，还阐述了槲皮素的纳米级递送以及未来可能的研究方向。
