Magyar-Tábori Katalin, Mendler-Drienyovszki Nóra, Hanász Alexandra, Zsombik László, Dobránszki Judit
Centre for Agricultural Genomics and Biotechnology, Faculty of the Agricultural and Food Science and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 12, H-4400 Nyíregyháza, Hungary.
Research Institute of Nyíregyháza, Institutes for Agricultural Research and Educational Farm (IAREF), University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 12, H-4400 Nyíregyháza, Hungary.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Mar 31;10(4):670. doi: 10.3390/plants10040670.
In general, in vitro virus elimination is based on the culture of isolated meristem, and in addition thermotherapy, chemotherapy, electrotherapy, and cryotherapy can also be applied. During these processes, plantlets suffer several stresses, which can result in low rate of survival, inhibited growth, incomplete development, or abnormal morphology. Even though the in vitro cultures survive the treatment, further development can be inhibited; thus, regeneration capacity of treated in vitro shoots or explants play also an important role in successful virus elimination. Sensitivity of genotypes to treatments is very different, and the rate of destruction largely depends on the physiological condition of plants as well. Exposure time of treatments affects the rate of damage in almost every therapy. Other factors such as temperature, illumination (thermotherapy), type and concentration of applied chemicals (chemo- and cryotherapy), and electric current intensity (electrotherapy) also may have a great impact on the rate of damage. However, there are several ways to decrease the harmful effect of treatments. This review summarizes the harmful effects of virus elimination treatments applied on tissue cultures reported in the literature. The aim of this review is to expound the solutions that can be used to mitigate phytotoxic and other adverse effects in practice.
一般来说，体外病毒消除是基于分离的分生组织培养，此外还可应用热处理、化学处理、电处理和冷冻处理。在这些过程中，组培苗会遭受多种胁迫，这可能导致存活率低、生长受抑制、发育不完全或形态异常。即使体外培养物在处理后存活下来，其进一步发育仍可能受到抑制；因此，经处理的体外芽或外植体的再生能力在成功消除病毒方面也起着重要作用。基因型对处理的敏感性差异很大，破坏率在很大程度上也取决于植物的生理状况。几乎在每种处理中，处理的暴露时间都会影响损伤率。其他因素，如温度、光照（热处理）、所用化学物质的类型和浓度（化学处理和冷冻处理）以及电流强度（电处理），也可能对损伤率有很大影响。然而，有几种方法可以降低处理的有害影响。本综述总结了文献中报道的应用于组织培养的病毒消除处理的有害影响。本综述的目的是阐述在实践中可用于减轻植物毒性和其他不利影响的解决方案。
