Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
Nutrients. 2021 Mar 30;13(4):1136. doi: 10.3390/nu13041136.
Magnesium plays an important role in many physiological functions. Habitually low intakes of magnesium and in general the deficiency of this micronutrient induce changes in biochemical pathways that can increase the risk of illness and, in particular, chronic degenerative diseases. The assessment of magnesium status is consequently of great importance, however, its evaluation is difficult. The measurement of serum magnesium concentration is the most commonly used and readily available method for assessing magnesium status, even if serum levels have no reliable correlation with total body magnesium levels or concentrations in specific tissues. Therefore, this review offers an overview of recent insights into magnesium from multiple perspectives. Starting from a biochemical point of view, it aims at highlighting the risk due to insufficient uptake (frequently due to the low content of magnesium in the modern western diet), at suggesting strategies to reach the recommended dietary reference values, and at focusing on the importance of detecting physiological or pathological levels of magnesium in various body districts, in order to counteract the social impact of diseases linked to magnesium deficiency.
镁在许多生理功能中发挥着重要作用。习惯性地摄入低镁和一般的这种微量元素缺乏会导致生化途径的改变，从而增加患病的风险，特别是慢性退行性疾病。因此，评估镁的状态非常重要，然而，其评估是困难的。血清镁浓度的测定是评估镁状态最常用和最容易获得的方法，即使血清水平与全身镁水平或特定组织中的浓度没有可靠的相关性。因此，这篇综述从多个角度概述了镁的最新研究进展。从生化角度出发，旨在强调由于摄入不足而导致的风险（通常是由于现代西方饮食中镁含量低），提出达到推荐膳食参考值的策略，并重点关注检测不同身体部位镁的生理或病理水平的重要性，以对抗与镁缺乏相关的疾病的社会影响。
