Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8576, Japan.
Division of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Mar 26;18(7):3470. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18073470.
Exercise can be hypothesized to play an important role in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) treatment by changing the oral bacterial flora and in the mechanism underlying periodontal disease. We performed salivary component analysis before and after an exercise regimen, and genome analysis of the oral bacterial flora to elucidate the underlying mechanism. Obese middle-aged men with NAFLD and periodontal disease were allocated to 12-week exercise ( = 49) or dietary restriction ( = 21) groups. We collected saliva to compare the oral microflora; performed predictive analysis of metagenomic functions; and, measured the salivary immunoglobulin A, cytokine, bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and lactoferrin concentrations. The exercise group showed improvements in the clinical indices of oral environment. Salivary component analysis revealed significant reductions in LPS, and lactoferrin during the exercise regimen. Diversity analysis of oral bacterial flora revealed higher alpha- and beta-diversity after the exercise regimen. Analysis of the microbial composition revealed that the numbers of (+83.9%), (+142.3%), (+75.9%), and (+172.9%) were significantly higher, and that of (-28.3%) was significantly lower. The findings suggest that an exercise regimen improves the oral environment of NAFLD patients by increasing the diversity of the oral microflora and reducing the number of periodontal bacteria that produce LPS and its capability.
运动可能通过改变口腔细菌菌群在非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）治疗中发挥重要作用，并在牙周病的发病机制中发挥作用。我们在运动方案前后进行唾液成分分析，并对口腔细菌菌群进行基因组分析，以阐明其潜在机制。将患有 NAFLD 和牙周病的中年肥胖男性分配到 12 周的运动（n = 49）或饮食限制（n = 21）组。我们收集唾液以比较口腔微生物群；进行宏基因组功能预测分析；并测量唾液免疫球蛋白 A、细胞因子、细菌脂多糖（LPS）和乳铁蛋白浓度。运动组显示口腔环境的临床指标有所改善。唾液成分分析显示，在运动期间，LPS 和乳铁蛋白显著减少。口腔细菌菌群的多样性分析显示，运动后 alpha-和 beta-多样性更高。微生物组成分析显示，（+83.9%）、（+142.3%）、（+75.9%）和（+172.9%）的数量显著增加，（-28.3%）的数量显著减少。研究结果表明，运动方案通过增加口腔微生物群的多样性和减少产生 LPS 及其能力的牙周细菌数量，改善了 NAFLD 患者的口腔环境。
