Kaslow David C
PATH, 2201 Westlake Avenue, Suite 200, Seattle, WA, USA.
NPJ Vaccines. 2021 Apr 12;6(1):51. doi: 10.1038/s41541-021-00316-5.
Vaccine efficacy (VE) can vary in different settings. Of the many proposed setting-dependent determinants of VE, force of infection (FoI) stands out as one of the most direct, proximate, and actionable. As highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic, modifying FoI through non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) use can significantly contribute to controlling transmission and reducing disease incidence and severity absent highly effective pharmaceutical interventions, such as vaccines. Given that NPIs reduce the FoI, the question arises as to if and to what degree FoI, and by extension NPIs, can modify VE, and more practically, as vaccines become available for a pathogen, whether and which NPIs should continue to be used in conjunction with vaccines to optimize controlling transmission and reducing disease incidence and severity.
疫苗效力（VE）在不同环境中可能会有所不同。在众多提出的与环境相关的VE决定因素中，感染强度（FoI）是最直接、最接近且最具可操作性的因素之一。正如新冠疫情所凸显的那样，在缺乏高效药物干预措施（如疫苗）的情况下，通过使用非药物干预措施（NPIs）来改变FoI，可显著有助于控制传播并降低疾病发病率和严重程度。鉴于NPIs会降低FoI，于是就产生了这样的问题：FoI以及由此延伸的NPIs是否能够以及在何种程度上改变VE；更实际地说，当针对某一病原体有疫苗可用时，是否以及哪些NPIs应继续与疫苗联合使用，以优化控制传播并降低疾病发病率和严重程度。
