Ketter Vanessa, Ruchholtz Steffen, Frink Michael
Zentrum für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg, Standort Marburg, Baldingerstraße, 35043, Marburg, Deutschland.
Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed. 2021 Jun;116(5):400-404. doi: 10.1007/s00063-021-00807-2. Epub 2021 Apr 13.
Every year, more than 20,000 patients with polytrauma are treated in Germany. The term polytrauma refers to simultaneous injury to several body regions that are individually or collectively life-threatening for the patient. However, this assessment is made based on appropriate scoring systems. Adequate treatment of these patients requires not only medical care at the highest level, but also coordination of organizational/logistical processes. The link between preclinical and clinical care is treatment in the shock room, which should be led by a defined, experienced "trauma leader". Treatment algorithms are based on the current S3 guideline Polytrauma/Serious Injury Treatment of the AWMF and the White Paper on Serious Injury Care. Here, recommendations are defined regarding personnel, spatial, logistical and material requirements. Every shock room team should be trained regularly and have theoretical and practical knowledge on the application of shock room algorithms. This can improve the quality of treatment and thus the probability of survival of critically ill patients. In the shock room itself, the focus is on standardized and priority-oriented assessment and stabilization of the patient. Due to the varying quality of care for severely injured patients in Germany, the TraumaNetwork DGU® initiative was implemented by the German Society of Trauma Surgery to improve the treatment of polytrauma patients by defining standards and improving processes and organization in the care of severely injured patients. In Germany, there are currently 615 participating hospitals that are organized in 52 local trauma networks, some of which are cross state borders.
在德国,每年有超过20000名多发伤患者接受治疗。多发伤这一术语指的是患者身体的多个部位同时受到损伤,这些损伤单独或共同对患者的生命构成威胁。然而,这种评估是基于适当的评分系统进行的。对这些患者进行充分治疗不仅需要最高水平的医疗护理,还需要组织/后勤流程的协调。临床前护理与临床护理之间的联系是在休克室进行治疗,休克室应由一位明确的、经验丰富的“创伤负责人”领导。治疗算法基于德国医学科学院(AWMF)当前的S3指南《多发伤/严重损伤治疗》以及《严重损伤护理白皮书》。其中,对人员、空间、后勤和物资需求给出了建议。每个休克室团队都应定期接受培训,并具备休克室算法应用方面的理论和实践知识。这可以提高治疗质量,从而提高重症患者的生存概率。在休克室内,重点是对患者进行标准化的、按优先级的评估和稳定处理。由于德国对重伤患者的护理质量参差不齐,德国创伤外科学会发起了TraumaNetwork DGU®倡议,通过定义标准、改进重伤患者护理流程和组织来改善多发伤患者的治疗。目前在德国,有615家参与医院,它们被组织成52个地方创伤网络,其中一些跨越了州界。