Shen Shan, Liu Shi-Liang, Jiang Ji-Hang, Zhou Li-Wei
State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
IMA Fungus. 2021 Apr 15;12(1):10. doi: 10.1186/s43008-021-00059-x.
"Sanghuang" refers to a group of important traditionally-used medicinal mushrooms belonging to the genus Sanghuangporus. In practice, species of Sanghuangporus referred to in medicinal studies and industry are now differentiated mainly by a BLAST search of GenBank with the ITS barcoding region as a query. However, inappropriately labeled ITS sequences of "Sanghuang" in GenBank restrict accurate species identification and, to some extent, the utilization of these species as medicinal resources. We examined all available 271 ITS sequences related to "Sanghuang" in GenBank including 31 newly submitted sequences from this study. Of these sequences, more than half were mislabeled so we have now corrected the corresponding species names. The mislabeled sequences mainly came from strains utilized by non-taxonomists. Based on the analyses of ITS sequences submitted by taxonomists as well as morphological characters, we separate the newly described Sanghuangporus subbaumii from S. baumii and treat S. toxicodendri as a later synonym of S. quercicola. Fourteen species of Sanghuangporus are accepted, with intraspecific distances up to 1.30% (except in S. vaninii, S. weirianus and S. zonatus) and interspecific distances above 1.30% (except between S. alpinus and S. lonicerinus, and S. baumii and S. subbaumii). To stabilize the concept of these 14 species of Sanghuangporus, their taxonomic information and reliable ITS reference sequences are provided. Moreover, ten potential diagnostic sequences are provided for Hyperbranched Rolling Circle Amplification to rapidly confirm three common commercial species, viz. S. baumii, S. sanghuang, and S. vaninii. Our results provide a practical method for ITS barcoding-based species identification of Sanghuangporus and will promote medicinal studies and commercial development from taxonomically correct material.
“桑黄”指的是一组重要的传统药用蘑菇，属于桑黄孔菌属。在实际应用中，药用研究和产业中所提及的桑黄孔菌属物种目前主要通过以ITS条形码区域作为查询序列在GenBank中进行BLAST搜索来区分。然而，GenBank中“桑黄”的ITS序列标注不当，限制了准确的物种鉴定，在一定程度上也影响了这些物种作为药用资源的利用。我们检查了GenBank中所有与“桑黄”相关的271个ITS序列，包括本研究新提交的31个序列。在这些序列中，超过一半被标注错误，因此我们现已更正了相应的物种名称。标注错误的序列主要来自非分类学家使用的菌株。基于分类学家提交的ITS序列分析以及形态特征，我们将新描述的鲍氏桑黄孔菌与鲍姆桑黄孔菌区分开来，并将毒漆桑黄孔菌视为栎生桑黄孔菌的晚出同物异名。认可了14种桑黄孔菌，种内距离高达1.30%（瓦尼桑黄孔菌、韦里桑黄孔菌和环带桑黄孔菌除外），种间距离高于1.30%（高山桑黄孔菌和忍冬生桑黄孔菌之间，以及鲍姆桑黄孔菌和鲍氏桑黄孔菌之间除外）。为稳定这14种桑黄孔菌的概念，提供了它们的分类信息和可靠的ITS参考序列。此外，还提供了10个潜在的诊断序列用于超分支滚环扩增，以快速确认三种常见的商业物种，即鲍姆桑黄孔菌、桑黄孔菌和瓦尼桑黄孔菌。我们的结果为基于ITS条形码的桑黄孔菌物种鉴定提供了一种实用方法，并将促进基于分类学正确材料的药用研究和商业开发。
