Biotchnology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Science and Technology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2021 Jul 1;182:648-658. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.005. Epub 2021 Apr 16.
Vaccination is the most effective means of controlling infectious disease-related morbidity and mortality. However, due to low immunogenicity of viral antigens, nanomedicine as a new opportunity in new generation of vaccine advancement attracted researcher encouragement. Virosome is a lipidic nanomaterial emerging as FDA approved nanocarriers with promising bioinspiration and biomimetic potency against viral infections. Virosome surface modification with critical viral fusion proteins is the cornerstone of vaccine development. Surface antigens at virosomes innovatively interact with targeted receptors on host cells that evoke humoral or cellular immune responses through antibody-producing B cell and internalization by endocytosis-mediated pathways. To date, several nanovaccine based on virosome formulations have been commercialized against widespread and life-threatening infections. Recently, Great efforts were made to fabricate a virosome-based vaccine platform against a new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. Thus, this review provides a novel overview of the virosome based nanovaccine production, properties, and application on the viral disease, especially its importance in SARS-CoV-2 vaccine discovery.
疫苗接种是控制传染病发病率和死亡率的最有效手段。然而，由于病毒抗原的免疫原性低，纳米医学作为新一代疫苗研发的新机遇引起了研究人员的关注。脂质体是一种新兴的 FDA 批准的纳米载体，具有针对病毒感染的有前途的生物灵感和仿生潜力。用关键的病毒融合蛋白对脂质体进行表面修饰是疫苗开发的基石。脂质体表面的抗原与宿主细胞上的靶向受体创新地相互作用，通过产生抗体的 B 细胞和通过胞吞作用介导的途径内化来引发体液或细胞免疫反应。迄今为止，已经有几种基于脂质体配方的纳米疫苗针对广泛存在且危及生命的感染进行了商业化。最近，人们做出了巨大努力来制造一种针对新型严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2)的基于脂质体的疫苗平台。因此，本综述提供了基于脂质体的纳米疫苗生产、特性及其在病毒疾病中的应用的新概述，特别是其在 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗发现中的重要性。
