The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom.
Front Immunol. 2021 Apr 2;12:637960. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.637960. eCollection 2021.
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are essential for mitigating inflammation. Tregs are found in nearly every tissue and play either beneficial or harmful roles in the host. The availability of various nutrients can either enhance or impair Treg function. Mitochondrial oxidative metabolism plays a major role in supporting Treg differentiation and fitness. While Tregs rely heavily on oxidation of fatty acids to support mitochondrial activity, they have found ways to adapt to different tissue types, such as tumors, to survive in competitive environments. In addition, metabolic by-products from commensal organisms in the gut also have a profound impact on Treg differentiation. In this review, we will focus on the core metabolic pathways engaged in Tregs, especially in the context of tissue nutrient environments, and how they can affect Treg function, stability and differentiation.
调节性 T 细胞（Tregs）对于减轻炎症至关重要。Tregs 存在于几乎所有组织中，并在宿主中发挥有益或有害的作用。各种营养素的可用性可以增强或损害 Treg 功能。线粒体氧化代谢在支持 Treg 分化和适应性方面起着主要作用。虽然 Tregs 严重依赖脂肪酸的氧化来支持线粒体活性，但它们已经找到了适应不同组织类型（如肿瘤）的方法，以在竞争环境中生存。此外，肠道共生生物的代谢副产物也对 Treg 的分化有深远的影响。在这篇综述中，我们将重点介绍参与 Tregs 的核心代谢途径，特别是在组织营养环境的背景下，以及它们如何影响 Treg 的功能、稳定性和分化。
