Climate and Health Program, Division of Environmental Health Science and Practice, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway NE, S106-6, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA.
Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
Int J Biometeorol. 2021 Oct;65(10):1615-1628. doi: 10.1007/s00484-021-02128-7. Epub 2021 Apr 20.
Climate and weather directly impact plant phenology, affecting airborne pollen. The objective of this systematic review is to examine the impacts of meteorological variables on airborne pollen concentrations and pollen season timing. Using PRISMA methodology, we reviewed literature that assessed whether there was a relationship between local temperature and precipitation and measured airborne pollen. The search strategy included terms related to pollen, trends or measurements, and season timing. For inclusion, studies must have conducted a correlation analysis of at least 5 years of airborne pollen data to local meteorological data and report quantitative results. Data from peer-reviewed articles were extracted on the correlations between seven pollen indicators (main pollen season start date, end date, peak date, and length, annual pollen integral, average daily pollen concentration, and peak pollen concentration), and two meteorological variables (temperature and precipitation). Ninety-three articles were included in the analysis out of 9,679 articles screened. Overall, warmer temperatures correlated with earlier and longer pollen seasons and higher pollen concentrations. Precipitation had varying effects on pollen concentration and pollen season timing indicators. Increased precipitation may have a short-term effect causing low pollen concentrations potentially due to "wash out" effect. Long-term effects of precipitation varied for trees and weeds and had a positive correlation with grass pollen levels. With increases in temperature due to climate change, pollen seasons for some taxa in some regions may start earlier, last longer, and be more intense, which may be associated with adverse health impacts, as pollen exposure has well-known health effects in sensitized individuals.
气候和天气直接影响植物物候，从而影响空气传播的花粉。本系统评价的目的是研究气象变量对空气传播花粉浓度和花粉季节时间的影响。我们采用 PRISMA 方法，综述了评估当地温度和降水与测量的空气传播花粉之间是否存在关系的文献。搜索策略包括与花粉、趋势或测量以及季节时间有关的术语。纳入标准为，研究必须对至少 5 年的空气传播花粉数据与当地气象数据进行相关分析，并报告定量结果。从同行评议的文章中提取了七个花粉指标（主要花粉季节开始日期、结束日期、高峰期日期和长度、年花粉积分、平均每日花粉浓度和高峰期花粉浓度）和两个气象变量（温度和降水）之间的相关性数据。在筛选出的 9679 篇文章中，有 93 篇被纳入分析。总体而言，较高的温度与花粉季节提前开始、持续时间延长和花粉浓度增加有关。降水对花粉浓度和花粉季节时间指标的影响不同。增加的降水可能会在短期内导致花粉浓度降低，这可能是由于“冲刷”效应。降水对树木和杂草的长期影响不同，与草花粉水平呈正相关。由于气候变化导致气温升高，一些地区的某些分类群的花粉季节可能会提前开始、持续时间延长且更强烈，这可能与不良健康影响有关，因为花粉暴露对过敏个体有明显的健康影响。
