Shaanxi Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University, Department of Ultrasonography, Xi'an 710061.
Xi'an Hospital of Civil Aviation, Xi'an 710082.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2021 Apr 23;100(16):e25629. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000025629.
Hypertension causes a substantial burden to society. Some studies found that hypertension was associated with the working type and working hours. The purpose of the current study is to assess the dose-response relationship between working hours and hypertension.Data of 12,080 adults aged 18 to 65 years who attended the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) between 1989 and 2011 were analyzed. Hypertension was determined based on systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure measures, or having doctor-diagnosed hypertension. Multivariable Cox regression and restricted cubic spline to assess the dose-response relationship between working hours and hypertension.A total of 12,080 participants including 5852 females and 6228 males. By the last follow-up (2011), a total of 830 participants were hypertensive, with an incidence of 6.9%. After adjusting socio-demographic, lifestyle factors, as well as occupation type, compared with those who worked 35 to 49 hours per week, participants who worked no more than 34 hours per week (HR: 1.21, 95%CI: 1.03-1.41) and at least 56 hours per week (HR: 1.38, 95%CI: 1.19-1.59) had a higher risk of hypertension. The significant association between long working hours (at least 56 hours per week) and hypertension was observed among females (HR: 1.38, 95%CI: 1.16-1.64) and males (HR: 1.36, 95%CI: 1.04-1.78). Among manual workers, the relationship between long working hours and hypertension was observed (HR: 1.49, 95%CI: 1.10-2.02). The relationship between long working hours (HR: 1.21, 95%CI: 1.01-1.44) and short working hours (HR: 1.37, 95%CI: 1.16-1.61) and hypertension was observed among nonmanual workers. The hazard ratio of hypertension and working time displayed U-shape non-linear relationship (Ptrend < .001, non-linear P < .001). The non-linear response-dose relationship was found in manual worker, nonmanual worker, and male (Ptrend < .001, non-linear P < .001).The association between working time and hypertension showed U-shape relationship. Specifically, overtime work was an important occupational risk factors for adults, and short work time was related to hazard ratio of hypertension in nonmanual workers.
高血压给社会带来了巨大的负担。一些研究发现，高血压与工作类型和工作时间有关。本研究的目的是评估工作时间与高血压之间的剂量-反应关系。
分析了 1989 年至 2011 年间参加中国健康与营养调查（CHNS）的 12080 名 18 至 65 岁成年人的数据。高血压的确定基于收缩压和/或舒张压测量值，或有医生诊断的高血压。多变量 Cox 回归和限制立方样条评估工作时间与高血压之间的剂量-反应关系。
共有 12080 名参与者，包括 5852 名女性和 6228 名男性。在最后一次随访（2011 年）时，共有 830 名参与者患有高血压，发病率为 6.9%。在调整社会人口统计学、生活方式因素以及职业类型后，与每周工作 35 至 49 小时的参与者相比，每周工作不超过 34 小时（HR：1.21，95%CI：1.03-1.41）和至少 56 小时（HR：1.38，95%CI：1.19-1.59）的参与者患高血压的风险更高。长工作时间（至少 56 小时/周）与女性（HR：1.38，95%CI：1.16-1.64）和男性（HR：1.36，95%CI：1.04-1.78）高血压之间存在显著关联。在体力劳动者中，观察到长工作时间与高血压之间存在关系（HR：1.49，95%CI：1.10-2.02）。长工作时间（HR：1.21，95%CI：1.01-1.44）和短工作时间（HR：1.37，95%CI：1.16-1.61）与非体力劳动者的高血压有关。高血压与工作时间的危险比呈 U 形非线性关系（Ptrend<.001，非线性 P<.001）。在体力劳动者、非体力劳动者和男性中发现了工作时间与高血压之间的非线性反应-剂量关系（Ptrend<.001，非线性 P<.001）。
工作时间与高血压之间呈 U 形关系。具体来说，加班是成年人的一个重要职业危险因素，而非体力劳动者的短工作时间与高血压的危险比有关。
