Pillalamarri Nagavalli, Ren Gang, Khan Luqman, Ullah Asad, Jonnakuti Sriya, Ullah Mujib
Institute for Immunity and Transplantation, Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States.
Molecular Medicine Department of Medicine, Stanford University, CA, United States.
Transl Oncol. 2021 Jul;14(7):101095. doi: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101095. Epub 2021 Apr 19.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as potential mediators of intercellular communication. EVs are nano-sized, lipid membrane-bound vesicles that contains biological information in the form of proteins, metabolites and/or nucleic acids. EVs are key regulators of tissue repair mechanisms, such as in the context of lung injuries. Recent studies suggest that EVs have the ability to repair COVID19-associated acute lung damage. EVs hold great promise for therapeutic treatments, particularly in treating a potentially fatal autoimmune response and attenuate inflammation. They are known to boost lung immunity and are involved in the pathogenesis of various lung diseases, including viral infection. EV-based immunization technology has been proven to elicit robust immune responses in many models of infectious disease, including COVID-19. The field of EV research has tremendous potential in advancing our understanding about viral infection pathogenesis, and can be translated into anti-viral therapeutic strategies.
细胞外囊泡（EVs）已成为细胞间通讯的潜在介质。EVs是纳米大小、脂质膜包裹的囊泡，以蛋白质、代谢产物和/或核酸的形式包含生物信息。EVs是组织修复机制的关键调节因子，例如在肺损伤的情况下。最近的研究表明，EVs有能力修复与COVID-19相关的急性肺损伤。EVs在治疗方面具有巨大潜力，特别是在治疗潜在致命的自身免疫反应和减轻炎症方面。已知它们能增强肺部免疫力，并参与包括病毒感染在内的各种肺部疾病的发病机制。基于EV的免疫技术已被证明在包括COVID-19在内的许多传染病模型中能引发强烈的免疫反应。EV研究领域在推进我们对病毒感染发病机制的理解方面具有巨大潜力，并可转化为抗病毒治疗策略。
