Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaii, Kaneohe, HI, USA.
Ecol Lett. 2021 Jul;24(7):1487-1504. doi: 10.1111/ele.13742. Epub 2021 Apr 24.
Bacteria and archaea have very different ecology compared to plants. One similarity, though, is that much discussion of their ecological strategies has invoked concepts such as oligotrophy or stress tolerance. For plants, so-called 'trait ecology'-strategy description reframed along measurable trait dimensions-has made global syntheses possible. Among widely measured trait dimensions for bacteria and archaea three main axes are evident. Maximum growth rate in association with rRNA operon copy number expresses a rate-yield trade-off that is analogous to the acquisitive-conservative spectrum in plants, though underpinned by different trade-offs. Genome size in association with signal transduction expresses versatility. Cell size has influence on diffusive uptake and on relative wall costs. These trait dimensions, and potentially others, offer promise for interpreting ecology. At the same time, there are very substantial differences from plant trait ecology. Traits and their underpinning trade-offs are different. Also, bacteria and archaea use a variety of different substrates. Bacterial strategies can be viewed both through the facet of substrate-use pathways, and also through the facet of quantitative traits such as maximum growth rate. Preliminary evidence shows the quantitative traits vary widely within substrate-use pathways. This indicates they convey information complementary to substrate use.
与植物相比，细菌和古菌的生态有很大的不同。然而，它们的生态策略有一个相似之处，即许多讨论都援引了贫营养或耐受压力等概念。对于植物来说，所谓的“特征生态学”——沿着可衡量的特征维度重新构建的策略描述——使得全球综合分析成为可能。在广泛测量的细菌和古菌特征维度中，有三个主要的轴是明显的。与 rRNA 操纵子拷贝数相关的最大生长速率表达了一种类似于植物中获取性-保守性谱的收益-产量权衡，但它是由不同的权衡支撑的。与信号转导相关的基因组大小表达了多功能性。细胞大小会影响扩散吸收和相对细胞壁成本。这些特征维度，以及潜在的其他维度，为解释生态学提供了希望。同时，它与植物特征生态学有很大的不同。特征及其背后的权衡是不同的。此外，细菌和古菌使用各种不同的基质。细菌的策略可以从基质利用途径的角度来看待，也可以从最大生长速率等定量特征的角度来看待。初步证据表明，在基质利用途径中，定量特征有很大的差异。这表明它们传递的信息与基质利用是互补的。
