Das Monalisa, Das Ankita, Barui Ananya, Paul Ranjan Rashmi
Department of Oral and Dental Sciences, JIS University, Kolkata, India.
Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, West Bengal, India.
Cell Tissue Bank. 2022 Mar;23(1):157-170. doi: 10.1007/s10561-021-09926-8. Epub 2021 Apr 26.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been widely studied for tissue regeneration and cell-based therapy. MSC can be isolated from different body tissues while several biological waste sources like dental pulp, umbilical cord, cord derived blood, amniotic fluid or urine have also emerged as potential sources of MSCs. Specifically, isolation of MSCs from such non-conventional sources show promising outcomes due to the non-invasiveness of the extraction process and high proliferation capacity of the isolated MSC. However, these stem cells also exhibit the limitation of replicative senescence in long-term culture condition. Inter-cellular reactive oxygen species is an important contributor for inducing cellular senescence under long-term culture conditions. For translational application, it becomes imperative to compare the stem cells isolated from these sources for their senescence and proliferative properties. In this study, MSC were extracted from two different sources of biological waste materials-dental pulp and umbilical cord, and compared for their proliferation capacity and replicative senescence at different passage numbers (i.e. P2 and P6). Intracellular ROS production was significantly (p < 0.001) less in dental pulp stem cells culture in comparison to umbilical cord-derived stem cells at P6. The β-gal expression also showed significantly (p < 0.001) low expression in DPSC culture compared to that of UCSC at P6. The study indicates the source of stem cells influences the proliferation capacity as well as replicative senescence of MSCs. This study will thus pave the path of future research in selecting appropriate stem cell source for regenerative medicine application.
间充质干细胞（MSC）已被广泛研究用于组织再生和基于细胞的治疗。MSC可以从不同的身体组织中分离出来，同时一些生物废弃物来源，如牙髓、脐带、脐带血、羊水或尿液，也已成为MSC的潜在来源。具体而言，从这些非常规来源分离MSC显示出有前景的结果，这是由于提取过程的非侵入性以及分离出的MSC的高增殖能力。然而，这些干细胞在长期培养条件下也表现出复制性衰老的局限性。细胞间活性氧是长期培养条件下诱导细胞衰老的重要因素。为了实现转化应用，比较从这些来源分离的干细胞的衰老和增殖特性变得至关重要。在本研究中，从两种不同的生物废弃物来源——牙髓和脐带中提取MSC，并比较它们在不同传代次数（即P2和P6）下的增殖能力和复制性衰老。在P6时，与脐带来源的干细胞相比，牙髓干细胞培养物中的细胞内ROS产生显著减少（p < 0.001）。与P6时的脐带来源干细胞相比，牙髓干细胞培养物中的β-半乳糖苷酶表达也显著降低（p < 0.001）。该研究表明干细胞来源会影响MSC的增殖能力以及复制性衰老。因此，本研究将为再生医学应用选择合适的干细胞来源的未来研究铺平道路。
