Department of Oral Biology, Sindh Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi 75510, Pakistan.
Lahore Medical and Dental College, University of Health Sciences, Lahore 53400, Pakistan.
Cells. 2022 Mar 30;11(7):1168. doi: 10.3390/cells11071168.
Periodontal disease can cause irreversible damage to tooth-supporting tissues such as the root cementum, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone, eventually leading to tooth loss. While standard periodontal treatments are usually helpful in reducing disease progression, they cannot repair or replace lost periodontal tissue. Periodontal regeneration has been demonstrated to be beneficial in treating intraosseous and furcation defects to varied degrees. Cell-based treatment for periodontal regeneration will become more efficient and predictable as tissue engineering and progenitor cell biology advance, surpassing the limitations of present therapeutic techniques. Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with the ability to self-renew and differentiate into several cell types when stimulated. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been tested for periodontal regeneration in vitro and in humans, with promising results. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) possess a great regenerative and therapeutic potential. Their added benefits comprise ease of collection, endless source of stem cells, less immunorejection, and affordability. Further, their collection does not include the concerns associated with human embryonic stem cells. The purpose of this review is to address the most recent findings about periodontal regenerative mechanisms, different stem cells accessible for periodontal regeneration, and UC-MSCs and their involvement in periodontal regeneration.
牙周病可导致牙支持组织（如根牙骨质、牙周韧带和牙槽骨）的不可逆损伤，最终导致牙齿丧失。虽然标准的牙周治疗通常有助于减缓疾病进展，但它们无法修复或替代丧失的牙周组织。牙周再生已被证明对治疗骨内和分叉缺损具有不同程度的益处。随着组织工程和祖细胞生物学的进步，基于细胞的牙周再生治疗将变得更加高效和可预测，超越现有治疗技术的局限性。干细胞是未分化的细胞，具有自我更新和在受到刺激时分化为几种细胞类型的能力。间充质干细胞（MSCs）已在体外和人体中进行了牙周再生试验，结果令人鼓舞。人脐带间充质干细胞（UC-MSCs）具有巨大的再生和治疗潜力。其额外的好处包括易于采集、干细胞的无尽来源、较少的免疫排斥和可负担性。此外，它们的采集不涉及与人类胚胎干细胞相关的问题。本综述的目的是探讨牙周再生机制、可用于牙周再生的不同干细胞以及 UC-MSCs 及其在牙周再生中的作用的最新发现。
