Gaete Jorge, Valenzuela Daniela, Godoy María Inés, Rojas-Barahona Cristian A, Salmivalli Christina, Araya Ricardo
Faculty of Education, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.
Millennium Nucleus to Improve the Mental Health of Adolescents and Youths, Imhay, Santiago, Chile.
Front Psychol. 2021 Apr 12;12:578661. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.578661. eCollection 2021.
Bullying is a phenomenon that affects children and adolescents worldwide, and it has major consequences for all participants involved in these situations. In Chile, researchers have validated several instruments used to investigate aggression between peers and school violence, but there is a lack of validation of instruments to investigate bullying. The purpose of this study was to provide evidence of the validity and reliability of the Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire-Revised version (OBVQ-R) in the Chilean context. The participants were 2,775 students from schools of low, medium, and high socioeconomic status. OBVQ-R is a self-report questionnaire with 42 items, which has been used in different countries, and has adequate psychometric properties to assess the prevalence of victimization and aggression and various forms of bullying worldwide. Results confirmed the two-factor structure of the OBVQ-R (victimization and perpetration subscales) and good reliability (ω = 0.81 and ω = 0.75, respectively). These dimensions seem to be correlated. Comparison between OBVQ-R with the School Violence between Peers Questionnaire and the Internet Experiences Questionnaire showed some degree of agreement. The Item Response Theory analysis showed that the item about verbal bullying, in both subscales, had the lowest-severity parameters, meaning that these forms of bullying were the most prevalent. The higher-severity parameter in the victimization scale was the cyberbullying item, and the sexual bullying item showed higher severity in the perpetration subscale. The differential item functioning analysis by gender showed a trend in which boys responded with lower-severity parameters than girls. In the victimization scale, the exception was the item about spreading rumors, and in the perpetration subscale, it was the item about racial bullying. We have provided evidence of the validation of OBVQ-R among school-age children and adolescents in Chile. This study is part of a trial registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02898324.
欺凌是一种影响全球儿童和青少年的现象，对所有卷入此类情况的参与者都会产生重大影响。在智利，研究人员已验证了多种用于调查同伴间攻击行为和校园暴力的工具，但缺乏用于调查欺凌行为的工具的验证。本研究的目的是提供奥尔韦斯欺凌/受害者问卷修订版（OBVQ-R）在智利背景下的有效性和可靠性证据。参与者是来自低、中、高社会经济地位学校的2775名学生。OBVQ-R是一份有42个条目的自填式问卷，已在不同国家使用，具有足够的心理测量特性，可用于评估全球范围内受害和攻击行为的发生率以及各种形式的欺凌行为。结果证实了OBVQ-R的两因素结构（受害和实施子量表）以及良好的信度（分别为ω = 0.81和ω = 0.75）。这些维度似乎具有相关性。将OBVQ-R与同伴间校园暴力问卷和网络经历问卷进行比较，显示出一定程度的一致性。项目反应理论分析表明，在两个子量表中，关于言语欺凌的项目具有最低的严重程度参数，这意味着这些形式的欺凌最为普遍。受害量表中严重程度较高的参数是网络欺凌项目，而性欺凌项目在实施子量表中显示出较高的严重程度。按性别进行的差异项目功能分析显示，男孩回答的严重程度参数低于女孩的趋势。在受害量表中，关于传播谣言的项目是个例外，在实施子量表中，关于种族欺凌的项目是个例外。我们提供了OBVQ-R在智利学龄儿童和青少年中有效性验证的证据。本研究是在ClinicalTrials.gov注册的一项试验的一部分，编号为NCT02898324。
