Pharm D Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
Cell Biol Int. 2021 Sep;45(9):1807-1831. doi: 10.1002/cbin.11620. Epub 2021 May 11.
Exosomes are nano-sized bioactive vesicles of 30-150 nm in diameter. They are secreted by exocytosis of nearly all type of cells in to the extracellular fluid. Thereby, they can be found in many biological fluids. Exosomes regulate intracellular communication between cells via delivery of their cargo which include lipids, proteins, and nucleic acid. Many desirable features of exosomes made them promising candidates in several therapeutic applications. In this review, we discuss the use of exosomes as diagnostic tools and their possible biomedical applications. Additionally, current techniques used for isolation, purification, and characterization of exosomes from both biological fluids and in vitro cell cultures were discussed.
外泌体是直径 30-150nm 的纳米级生物活性囊泡。它们通过几乎所有类型细胞的胞吐作用分泌到细胞外液中。因此，它们可以在许多生物体液中找到。外泌体通过传递包括脂质、蛋白质和核酸在内的货物来调节细胞内的细胞间通讯。外泌体的许多理想特性使它们成为几种治疗应用的有前途的候选物。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了外泌体作为诊断工具的用途及其在生物医学中的可能应用。此外，还讨论了目前用于从生物体液和体外细胞培养物中分离、纯化和表征外泌体的技术。
