Morán-Diez María E, Martínez de Alba Ángel Emilio, Rubio M Belén, Hermosa Rosa, Monte Enrique
Department of Microbiology and Genetics, Spanish-Portuguese Institute for Agricultural Research (CIALE), University of Salamanca, Villamayor, 37185 Salamanca, Spain.
J Fungi (Basel). 2021 Apr 19;7(4):318. doi: 10.3390/jof7040318.
There is no doubt that is an inhabitant of the rhizosphere that plays an important role in how plants interact with the environment. Beyond the production of cell wall degrading enzymes and metabolites, spp. can protect plants by inducing faster and stronger immune responses, a mechanism known as priming, which involves enhanced accumulation of dormant cellular proteins that function in intracellular signal amplification. One example of these proteins is the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) that are triggered by the rise of cytosolic calcium levels and cellular redox changes following a stressful challenge. Transcription factors such as WRKYs, MYBs, and MYCs, play important roles in priming as they act as regulatory nodes in the transcriptional network of systemic defence after stress recognition. In terms of long-lasting priming, spp. may be involved in plants epigenetic regulation through histone modifications and replacements, DNA (hypo)methylation, and RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM). Inheritance of these epigenetic marks for enhanced resistance and growth promotion, without compromising the level of resistance of the plant's offspring to abiotic or biotic stresses, seems to be an interesting path to be fully explored.
毫无疑问，[具体名称未给出]是根际的一种栖居生物，在植物与环境的相互作用中发挥着重要作用。除了产生细胞壁降解酶和代谢产物外，[具体名称未给出]属物种可以通过诱导更快更强的免疫反应来保护植物，这种机制称为引发，它涉及在细胞内信号放大中起作用的休眠细胞蛋白的积累增加。这些蛋白的一个例子是丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK），它在应激挑战后由细胞质钙水平的升高和细胞氧化还原变化触发。转录因子如WRKY、MYB和MYC，在引发过程中起重要作用，因为它们在应激识别后作为系统防御转录网络中的调节节点。就持久引发而言，[具体名称未给出]属物种可能通过组蛋白修饰和替换、DNA（去）甲基化以及RNA指导的DNA甲基化（RdDM）参与植物的表观遗传调控。这些表观遗传标记的遗传以增强抗性和促进生长，同时不损害植物后代对非生物或生物胁迫的抗性水平，似乎是一条有待充分探索的有趣途径。
