Mamai Wadaka, Maiga Hamidou, Bimbilé Somda Nanwintoum Sévérin, Wallner Thomas, Masso Odet Bueno, Resch Christian, Yamada Hanano, Bouyer Jérémy
Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria.
Institut de Recherche Agricole pour le Développement (IRAD), PO. Box 2123 Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Insects. 2021 Jan 12;12(1):57. doi: 10.3390/insects12010057.
A mosquito's life cycle includes an aquatic phase. Water quality is therefore an important determinant of whether or not the female mosquitoes will lay their eggs and the resulting immature stages will survive and successfully complete their development to the adult stage. In response to variations in laboratory rearing outputs, there is a need to investigate the effect of tap water (TW) (in relation to water hardness and electrical conductivity) on mosquito development, productivity and resulting adult quality. In this study, we compared the respective responses of and to different water hardness/electrical conductivity. First-instar larvae were reared in either 100% water purified through reverse osmosis (ROW) (low water hardness/electrical conductivity), 100% TW (high water hardness/electrical conductivity) or a 80:20, 50:50, 20:80 mix of ROW and TW. The immature development time, pupation rate, adult emergence, body size, and longevity were determined. Overall, TW (with higher hardness and electrical conductivity) was associated with increased time to pupation, decreased pupal production, female body size in both species and longevity in only. However, was more sensitive to high water hardness/EC than . Moreover, in all water hardness/electrical conductivity levels tested, developed faster than . Conversely, adults survived longer than . These results imply that water with hardness of more than 140 mg/l CaCO or electrical conductivity more than 368 µS/cm cannot be recommended for the optimal rearing of mosquitoes and highlight the need to consider the level of water hardness/electrical conductivity when rearing mosquitoes for release purposes.
蚊子的生命周期包括一个水生阶段。因此，水质是决定雌蚊是否产卵以及由此产生的未成熟阶段能否存活并成功发育到成虫阶段的重要因素。针对实验室饲养产量的变化，有必要研究自来水（TW）（与水硬度和电导率相关）对蚊子发育、繁殖力及成虫质量的影响。在本研究中，我们比较了[两种蚊子未提及具体名称]对不同水硬度/电导率的各自反应。将一龄幼虫饲养在以下环境中：100%通过反渗透净化的水（ROW）（低水硬度/电导率）、100%自来水（TW）（高水硬度/电导率）或ROW与TW按80:20、50:50、20:80混合的水体中。测定了未成熟发育时间、化蛹率、成虫羽化率、体型和寿命。总体而言，TW（硬度和电导率较高）与化蛹时间延长、蛹产量降低、两种蚊子的雌蚊体型以及仅[一种蚊子未提及具体名称]的寿命相关。然而，[一种蚊子未提及具体名称]比[另一种蚊子未提及具体名称]对高水硬度/电导率更敏感。此外，在所有测试的水硬度/电导率水平下，[一种蚊子未提及具体名称]发育得比[另一种蚊子未提及具体名称]更快。相反，[一种蚊子未提及具体名称]成虫存活时间比[另一种蚊子未提及具体名称]更长。这些结果表明，对于[蚊子未提及具体名称]蚊子的最佳饲养，不建议使用硬度超过140mg/l碳酸钙或电导率超过368µS/cm的水，并强调在为释放目的饲养[蚊子未提及具体名称]蚊子时需要考虑水硬度/电导率水平。
