Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2021 Apr;25(8):3154-3161. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202104_25724.
While both first-line antioxidant enzymes and oxidation products have been considered as markers of periodontal disease, their assessment in the diagnosis of periodontal disease is more complicated. Some, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and reduced glutathione (GSH), have indicated significant differences between patients with chronic and aggressive periodontitis.
Participants (101) were divided into a control group of healthy individuals and, following diagnosis, patients with gingivitis, chronic periodontitis, and aggressive periodontitis. Compounds reflecting tissue destruction, inflammatory processes or antioxidant responses, such as sirtuins (SIRT-1, SIRT-2), metalloproteinases (MMP), SOD, GPx, GSH, and glutathione reductase (GR) were measured in saliva.
SIRT-2 levels were significantly increased in all patients. In patients with gingivitis, MMP (p<0.05) and GPx (p<0.01) were significantly increased. In patients with chronic and aggressive periodontitis, SOD activities were increased (p<0.001) while GPx and GR were decreased (p<0.001). Relative activities of MMP were higher in patients with aggressive periodontitis.
Measurements of SIRT-2 and SOD clearly showed increased levels of oxidative stress in cases of periodontitis with a subsequent inhibition of other antioxidant enzymes. Levels of GSH suggest reversibility of the conditions with appropriate intervention. With the assessment of the trends of these selected antioxidant markers, it is possible to determine the prognosis of the disease.
虽然一线抗氧化酶和氧化产物都被认为是牙周病的标志物，但它们在牙周病诊断中的评估更为复杂。一些标志物，如超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）和还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH），已经表明在慢性和侵袭性牙周炎患者之间存在显著差异。
参与者（101 人）分为健康对照组和经诊断患有牙龈炎、慢性牙周炎和侵袭性牙周炎的患者。反映组织破坏、炎症过程或抗氧化反应的化合物，如沉默调节蛋白（SIRT-1、SIRT-2）、基质金属蛋白酶（MMP）、SOD、GPx、GSH 和谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR），在唾液中进行了测量。
所有患者的 SIRT-2 水平均显著升高。在牙龈炎患者中，MMP（p<0.05）和 GPx（p<0.01）显著升高。在慢性和侵袭性牙周炎患者中，SOD 活性增加（p<0.001），而 GPx 和 GR 降低（p<0.001）。侵袭性牙周炎患者的 MMP 相对活性较高。
SIRT-2 和 SOD 的测量清楚地表明，牙周炎病例中氧化应激水平升高，随后其他抗氧化酶受到抑制。GSH 水平表明，在适当干预的情况下，病情具有可逆性。通过评估这些选定的抗氧化标志物的趋势，可以确定疾病的预后。
