Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Department of Microbiology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
Arch Virol. 2021 Aug;166(8):2089-2108. doi: 10.1007/s00705-021-05070-6. Epub 2021 May 2.
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has become one of the most serious health concerns globally. Although multiple vaccines have recently been approved for the prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an effective treatment is still lacking. Our knowledge of the pathogenicity of this virus is still incomplete. Studies have revealed that viral factors such as the viral load, duration of exposure to the virus, and viral mutations are important variables in COVID-19 outcome. Furthermore, host factors, including age, health condition, co-morbidities, and genetic background, might also be involved in clinical manifestations and infection outcome. This review focuses on the importance of variations in the host genetic background and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2. We will discuss the significance of polymorphisms in the ACE-2, TMPRSS2, vitamin D receptor, vitamin D binding protein, CD147, glucose-regulated protein 78 kDa, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4), neuropilin-1, heme oxygenase, apolipoprotein L1, vitamin K epoxide reductase complex 1 (VKORC1), and immune system genes for the clinical outcome of COVID-19.
SARS-CoV-2 大流行已成为全球最严重的健康问题之一。尽管最近已经批准了多种疫苗来预防 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19），但仍缺乏有效的治疗方法。我们对这种病毒的致病性的了解仍然不完整。研究表明，病毒因素，如病毒载量、接触病毒的持续时间和病毒突变，是 COVID-19 结果的重要变量。此外，宿主因素，包括年龄、健康状况、合并症和遗传背景，也可能参与临床表现和感染结果。这篇综述重点介绍了宿主遗传背景和 SARS-CoV-2 发病机制的变异性的重要性。我们将讨论 ACE-2、TMPRSS2、维生素 D 受体、维生素 D 结合蛋白、CD147、葡萄糖调节蛋白 78kDa、二肽基肽酶-4（DPP4）、神经纤毛蛋白-1、血红素加氧酶、载脂蛋白 L1、维生素 K 环氧化物还原酶复合物 1（VKORC1）和免疫系统基因的多态性对 COVID-19 临床结果的意义。
